FARMING AND COMMERCIAL

Manawatu Standard, Volume LII, Issue 50, 29 January 1932, Page 5

FARMING AND COMMERCIAL

CONTROL' OF.CLUB ROOT.

RESEARCH AT LOCAL CENTRE.

Limo has long been advocated overseas as an effective controller of clubroot, but before the commencement of investigations in 1928 it had failed to provdie a satisfactory control in New Zealand, fays J. G. Gibbs in the New Zealand Journal of Agriculture. The work at the plant research station at Palmerston North has shown in both Stnall-plot and field experiments, first, that applications of burnt lime in quantities which the farmer can afford will provide a practical control of club-root; secondly, that the value of lime as a club-root inhibitant may be lost by drilling seeds in contact with superphosphate, basio super, a mixture or super and carbonate of lime (half and half), or special turnip manures composed largely of super: and, thirdly, that to procure an effective control with lime tho fertiliser applied with the seed must be. of a strongly ba3io nature, preferably basio slag or a mixture of equal weights of super and slaked lime. It is clear that the practice of sowing seed in. contact with super and special turnip manures has, in tho past, obscured the value of lime • in reducing the attacks of the disease. From experiments conducted at the Plant Research Station it would appear that liming may not always prevent the development of the disease, out attacks may be so reduced that the majority of the plants will develop normally. Apparently time must be allowed for the lime to ponetrate to tho deeper layers of the soil in whioh the root# grow. When penetration was incomplete infections frequently occurred at a more or less uniform dopth some inches below the surface of tho soil. This type of infection was fairly common in soil limed two or three months before sowing the crop, while in unlimed areas

practically all the plants were attacked at tho level of the. soil surface. Tho odd infections that occurred twelve months after liming were all fairly deep in tho soil. The groatest damage results when clubroot infection occurs at soil-level, as the disease interferes with tho transportation of foodstuffs from the roots to the aerial portions of the plant. SomotimC9 swede and turnip seedlings overcome infection at soil level, but a lesion remains in "the skm of the bulb, permitting the entry of putrefactive bacteria which render the bulb useloss. Infections at depths of sevoral inches, however, are of less importance, as there are usually many undiseasod roots by which the plant may be nourished.

SYDNEY WOOL SALES. SYDNEY, Jan. 28. At the wool sales to-day, 10,738 bales wero offered, of which 9540 were sold at auction, also 818 privately. Competition was very strong, and tho market very firm. A line of greasy Merino sold up to 29d, which is a fresh Australian record for tho season. - ■ •

WHEAT MARKETS. LONDON, Jan. 27. Wheat cargoes to-day wore dull, sellers treating on easier terms, but ; buyers are unattracted. Further business in Australians amounting to 25,000 tons, April, direct to Shanghai, reported; also inquiry for May shipment of 2500 tons by the King Edwin at 275. . ' . ... , Parcels were in fair request at lid to 3d decline ex Femdale; 26s and bags ex Hobson Bay at 265, Hull; Clan Mackinlay, 265. , Futures: London, February 23s 6d per quarter, June 245; March 4s 11 Jd per bushel, May 5s 2fd, July 5s 4£d.

DAIRY PRODUCE

SHIPPING ALLOTMENTS.

The following aro allotments for shipments of dairy produce by vessels sailing as under; —

FROZEN MEAT SHIPMENTS. The New Zealand Meat Producers’ Board is advised by its London office that the shipments from Australia and South America to the United Kingdom during the first half of January wore as follow:—Australia.- 1260 carcases mutton, 15,965 carcases lamh, 1325 quarters beef. South America: 12,314 carcases mutton, 181,100 carcases lamb, 4587 quarters beef (frozen), 227,459 quarters Seef (ohilled). The shipments from New Zealand to the United Kingdom for the same period were as follow : —New Zealand : 79,877 carcases mutton, 326,642 carcases lamb, 1014 quarters beef. The shipments from South America to the Continent of Europe during the same period were as follow: Mutton, 278 tons; frozen beef, 2167 tons.

SYDNEY PRODUCE PRICES. SYDNEY, Jan. 28. Wheat, Sydney, 3s lid: at country stations, 2s 6id a' bushel. Flour, £lO a ton. Bran and pollard,. £5 a ton. Potatoes, Tasmanian to £9, Victorian £8 a ton. Onions, Victorian Globes, £ll a ton. Oats, white and Algerian, 2s 6d a bushel.

FARMING NEWS. RURAL RAKINGS. Six shipments of the new season’s apples have been allotted space in vessels /soiling from New Zealand up to March 1?4, Part of the first shipment was loaded at Wellington this week by the Port Caroline, which will, complete ot Auckland a /total of 13,000 .oases. The first actual sailing from the Dominion will be the Tainui, which loads 8000 cases at Wellington, sailing hence on February 10 for Southampton.

Club root in rape is causing trouble in several parts of the Dominion.. A fat stock buyer from the Wanganui district stated recently that a considerable number of lambs that he had handled this season were

not up to standard. Another factor had arisen, namely, that a number of the rapo crops were badly infected with olub roow» and for that reason, he had been obliged to buy third-grade lambs from farmers who were no longer able to hold them. This class of lamb was practically worthless. The peach yield in Hawke’s Bay orchards this season has, for the most part, been remarkably good, and a steady demand for the fruit exists, roadside orchards doing a great trade amongst tho motoring fraternity. The stone fruit yield generally this season has been a good one so far aa Hawke’s Bay ie concerned, and the de,mand seems to bo fully equal to the sup-; ply coming forward. Mr 8. Jones, of Waiotira, has to thank tho dehorning of his bull and a barbed wire fence for saving him from sonous injury. His pedigree Jersey bull was kept covered, and Mr Jonos was bending down to undo tho cover prior to removal of the animal to a fresh pasturb, when it attacked him: Mr Jones was knocked over, and the bull rolled _ him. about on the ground, finally pushing him through . the fence, Mr Jones was badly cut and bruised. The bull, which had. developed a very savage spirit lately was sent to tho freezing works. The annual report of the live stock divi- • sion of the Department of Agriculture for 1930-31 states that during the last few years a considerable advance has been mode with regard to tho type of dairy shed being erected. The old type of shed, which on account of its construction was difficult to keep in a sanitary condition, is fast disappearing, and new structures built on sanitary principles are being erected, with the result that the farmer is supplying a better commodity than ho was able to previously and with less trouble to himself.

A number of cases of foul-in-tho-foot in dairy cattlo has, according to the annual report of the live-stock division of the Department of Agriculture, been seen in all* dairying districts. A good ■ deal of monetary loss has been suffered, as the farraor who has an infected animal finds that it is practically usoless as a dairy unit. Tho disease is contracted through injuries to the region of tho hoof, so wounds can be prevented by removing froni the yards and roadways material that will injure tho feet. Affected stock should be isolated until all discharge has ceased. In view of tho scaro created over tho aleged discovery of a cattlo tick on a farm at To Popo some weoks ago, tho Agriculture Department at. Wellington made very careful investigation into tho matter of a tick discovered on an animal in the herd of Mr J. A. Nairn, Whitienga Road, Kohuratahi, and now announces that it is a truo specimen of cattlo tick, says the Stratford Post. Equipped with the special apparatus Held in Now Plymouth for such an emergency, Mr W. Harris, stock inspector, of Stratford, and an assistant from Now Plymouth have commenced the systematic spraying of every hoof on Mr Nairn’s farm. At this week’s Auckland sale there was a good demand for hides, and prices advanced id per lb for all lines, including kips, yearlings and calves. Tallow was slightly lowor, and for sheepskins thero was a fair demand at lato ratos. Following are quotations: Sheepskins, dry, halfbred, 2£d per lb; fine crossbred, 2£d; coarse crossbred, 3£d; medium crossbred, 3£d; half to three-quarter wool, 2Jd; short to half wool, 2d; quarter wool, 2d; lambs’, 2jd; pelts, Id. Salted: Pelts, host, Is 6d each; good, lOd; medium, 7d. Hides, . ox, heavy, 4|d por lb; medium, 4fid; light, 4|d. Cow: Heavy, 41d; medium 43d; light 4Jd; yearlings, 4Jd; best calf, 54d; good, sd; inferior and damaged, 2d. Tallow : Best mixed, 14d; modium,' 12s 6d; poor 10s.

WELLINGTON STOCK EXCHANGE YESTERDAY’sTbUSINESS AND PRICES.

Thero was a fair inquiry for stocks and shares yesterday, and eight sales were recorded.

Government securities were in moderate demand. The 4£ por cent, bonds, 1938, wero wanted at £94 10s, with a sale reported at £94 15s. Tho previous sale was at £95 15s, last week. The 5£ per cent, bonds, 1937, wero firm at £99 12s 6d, and there was a sale roported at £99 15s. Tho 5£ por cent, stocks and bonds, 1937, wero unchanged at £95. Bank shares wero slow, but those in request kept firm. Commercial Bank of Australia ordinary wero unchanged at 14s lOd; National Bank of Australasia, £lO paid, at par, wero also unchanged. Bank of Now Zealand wero in demand at 445, with a sale reported at 44s . 3d. Union Bank of Australia wero steady at £7 9s cum dividend.

Dalgoty and Co. at £7 8s 6d were 6d lowor. Goldsbrough, Mort and Co. were up 2d at 23s 2d. Now Zealand Guarantee Corporation preference at 19s 9d. wero unchanged. Auckland Gas wore easier at 225, with no sellers; Wellington Gas ordk nary wero steady at 26s 6d, and the preference were wanted at 15s 9d. There was a bid of 12s 6d for National Insurance, but there wero no' sellers. Union Steam wore steady at 1 9s lOd, and P. and O. deferred stock at 21s 6d. Now Zealand Breweries -changed hands at 25s lOd, whilo last week thoy sold up to 27s lOd. . Tooth and Co. wore steady I at 235. British Tobacco wero 6d lowor at 265. Colonial Sugar advanced another 5s and wero in demand at £4O 10s.

YESTERDAY’S QUOTATIONS. Buying and selling quotations' at yesterdaya final call on the Wellington Stock Exchange were as follow:

YESTERDAY’S SALES. . The following sales were recorded on the stock exchanges of the Dominion yesterday ; Wellington.—N.Z. Govt, bonds, 5£ p.c., 1937 (2), £99 15s; 4£ p. 0., 1938, £94 15s; Bank of New Zealand, £2 4s 3d*; Wellington Woollen, prof., £4 10s; N.Z. Breweries, £1 5s 10d; Mount Lyell Mining (2), £1 le. (‘Late sale Wednesday). Auckland.—lnscr. stock, 5i p.c.,' 1927-41, £96; Bank of Australia, £9; Commercial Bank of Australia, 14s lid; Union Bank of Australia, £7 10s; N.Z. Insurance, £2; Queensland Insurance, £2 2s 6d; Northern Steam, 3s 9d*; Colonial Sugar, £4O ss. ' Christchurch.—Union Bank of Austr., cum. div., £7 lie; Goldsbrough Mort, £1 3s 6d; Australian Gloss, £1 9s 6d; Mount Lyell, £1 03 lOd; Golden Point, 9Jd. Sales reported: Bank of Now Zealand, £2 4s 4d; N.Z. Refrigerat., 10a paid, 4s lOd. Dunedin.—Saks reported: Bank of New Zealand, £2 4s 4d; Union Bank of Australia, £7 11s; Okarito, 9s lid; King Solomon, 2s l£d, 2s 2d; Insor. Stock, 4£ p.c., 1938, £94 15e; Govt, bonds, 5£ p.c., 1937, £IOO.

FOREIGN EXCHANGES.

LONDON, Jan. 27. The following rates on foreign exchanges were current to-day, as compared with

‘Nominal. GOLD AND SILVER. LONDON, Jan. 27. Gold. —£5 IBs 9d per fine ounce. Silver.—Cash, 19£d per oz; forward, 19 5-16 d.

AUSTRALIAN SHARE MARKETS. "SYDNEY, Jan. 28. Business on the Sydney Stock Exchange to-day was dull, with a restricted turnover, duo to a “wait and soe” policy, as the Loan Counoil is meeting at Melbourne to-day. The whole question of Commonwealth and State finanoo is under consideration, and this is bollevod to have a definite infiuonco on the share market. The bond market was steadier. . Yesterday’s losses, were by no means retrieved, but some issues' were firmer by a few poinja. Bank shares were; quietly , firm. Bank

of Now South Wales found buyers at £l6 16s; Commercial of Australia at £3O ss; Commercial of Sydney, ex div., at 17s 2d. Other Bales were: Colonial Sugar, £46 10s; Australian Gas B. £5 15s; Toobcy’s, 17s 9d; Tooth’s, 26s Broken Hill Proprietary, 16s 6d; North Broken Hill, 68s 6d; South Broken Hill, 47s 3d; Electro-

; lytio Zino pref., 24s 4id; Goldsbrough, Mort, 26s bd; British Tobacco, 003. MELBOURNE, Jan. 28. I Early sales included: Electrolytic Zino prof., 24s 7d; Goldsbrough, Mort, 26s 9d; Commercial Bank, 17s; ditto., pref., 1455; British Tobacco, 30s; Dunlop-Perdriaus, 13s 6d; South Broken Hill, 475; Mount' Lycll, | 23s 6d.

There are 13,846 Europeans in Northern Rhodesia. This is an increase of 10,212 over the figure at the census of > 1921. Steel tanks,- lined with glass and ; mounted on motor-lorries, are being tried for the conveyance of beer, instead of the old-fashioned barrels.

3l7. Dom. Totals. * a -- Due ButSteamer. . Sails. From. U.K. ter. Cheese Jan. Mar. Rangtiano 30 Wgtn. 3 53,678 14,850 Feb Pt. Fremantle 1 Wgtn. 10 30,311 16,200 Herminius 2 Akld. 12 40,000 6,900 Norfolk (Part W.C.) 3 Akld. 12 60,000 11,000 Pt. Melbourne 6 Akld. 17 50,000 10,800 Tainui 10 Wgtn. 18 35,000 9,800 Mahana 13 Bluff 20 •47,375 16,300 Pt. Caroline 13 Akld. 24 60,000 14,800 Opawa (W.C.) 18 Lyttn. 22 15,000 21,800 Apr. Port Bowen 18 Pt. Ch 1 15,000 14,600 Karamea 26 Wgtn. 1 50,000 17,500 Otaio 26 Wgtn. 1 20,000 7,600 Remuera 27 Wgtn. 2 30,000 5,500 Westmoreland 27 Akld. 4 50,000 15,600 Mar. Huntingdon 1 Napr. 7 40,000 14,200 Mahia 8 Wgtn. 16 16,000 5,000 Port Pirie 8 Wgnui. 19 23,000 6,800 (W.C.) Coptic 11 Lyttn. 14. 20,000 12,700 Otira 11 Akld. 20 60,000 7,000 Somerset (W.C.) 16 Bluff 22 13,000 17,459 Kent 20 Akld. 27 25,000 — Zealandic 22 Bluff 26 9,000 11,800 Rangitiki 24 Wgtn. 27 35,000

»r ry „ Buyers. Sellersi N Z. GOVT. LOANS- £ s. d. £ s. d. 44 p.c. bonds, 1938 ... 94 10 0 95 0 0 54 P-c. bonds, 1933 ... — 99 10 0 54 P-c. ditto, 1937 99 12 6 — 54 p.c. ditto and Ins. Stk., 1937 95 0 0 — 54 p.c. ditto, 1936 99 5 0 — 44 p.c. Ins. Stk., 1939 — 95 0 0 44 p.c. ditto, 1938 94 10 0 95 0 0 54 p.c. ditto, 1933 — 99 7 6 54 p.c. ditto, 1933 99 7 6 100 5 Q 54 p.c. ditto, 1933 - 98 12 6 Kural Advances, 5 p.c., 1947 — 87 0 0 DEBENTURES— Well. Racing Club ... — 100 0 0 Makerua Dm. Bd., 6 P-c., 1950 — 96 10 0 Thames County Council, 54 p.c., 1959 — 95 0 0 BANKS— Australasia — 9 2 6 Commercial Aust., ord. 0 14 10 — National A’asia. (£10) 10 0 0 -» New Zealand 2 4 0 — Ditto, long term 1 5 0 — Union of Aust *7 9 0 — FINANCIAL— Abraham and Williams, Pref — 4 0 0 Dalffety and Co 7 8 6 — Goldsbrough Mort 13 2 — National Mortgage .... — 2 0 0 N.Z. Guar. Corp., ord. — 0 5 3 Ditto, pref 0 19 9 N.Z. Invest. Mtg. ... — 0 9 0 N.Z. Loun and Merc., ord — 45 0 0 Well. Trust and Loan — *6 5 0 GAS— Auckland *12 0 Auckland, contr — *0 17 0 Christchurch — *1 8 J) Christchurch, contr. ... 0 12 6 — Wellington, ord *16 6 — Wellington, pref 0 15 9 — INSURANCE— National 0 12 6 — Standard — 2 4 6 MEAT PRESERVING— • Gear — 1 8t 6 TRANSPORT— Union Steam, pref. ... 0 19 10 10 3 P. and 0. Stock 116 — Kelburn Tram — 18 3 COAL— ' Westport — 1 4 6 TIMBER— Kauri — 0 11 0 National ’> — 0 7 0 ’fariugamutu — 0 5 0 Bartholomew — 0 13 6 BREWERIES— ! ‘ New Zealand 15 9 16 0 ’ Staples, and Co — 1 7 6 Tooth and Co 1 3 0 — MISCELLANEOUS— British ord. 11 6 0y — Burns, Philp and Co. — 1 17 9 Colonial Sugar 40 10 0 — ■ •• Dental nnd. Medical ... 0 4 6 0 6 0 Electro. Zinc, pref. ... 1 0 3 — Howard Smith, ord. ... — p 10 0 National Electric — 0 10 0 N.Z. Paper Mills ....... 0 17 6 — Wilson’s Cement 1 12 6 1 14 0 Woolworths, pref 14 6 — MINING— I Mt. Lyell - 1 1 0 ,*Cum. dividend.

par:— Jan. 27. Par. Now ; York, dol to £1 ... 3.46A 4.866 Montreal, dol. to £1 3.995 4.866 Paris, francs to £1 88 124.21 Brussels, bel. to £1 24 13-16 124.21 Geneva, francs to £1 17.75 . 25.225 Amsterdam, florins to £1 8.595 12.107 Milan, lire to £1 69.125 92.46 Berlin, marks to £1 14 11-16 20.43 Stockholm, knr. to £1 ... 17.875 18.159 Copenhagen, knr. to £1 . 18.125 18.159 Oslo, knr. to £1 18.375 18.159 Vienna, schgs. to £1 *30.00 34.585 Prague, kpr. • to £1 ...... Herfors, marks to £l ... 116.75 164.25 230 193.23 Madrid, pe*. to £1 41.50 25.225 Lisbon, eao. to £1 ■ 109.75 4.50 Athens, drach. to £1 270 375 Bucharest, lei to. £1 580 813.60 Rio de p. to mil. ... ' 41 16.70 B. • Aires, p.- to peso 40J 47.62 M; Video, p. to peso *31 51 Calcutta, p. to rup 181 18Shanghai, p. to teal Yokohama, p. to yen ... 22 11-16 25.125 24.582 Hong-Kong, p. to dol. ... 171-16 12.107 Batavia, florins to £1 ... 8.65