LUNATIC ASYLUMS OF THE COLONY (REPORT ON) FOR 1900.

Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1901 Session I, H-07

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1901. NEW ZEALAND.

LUNATIC ASYLUMS OF THE COLONY (REPORT ON) FOR 1900.

Presented to both Houses of the General Assembly by Command of His Excellency.

The Inspectok-Geneeal of Asylums to the Hon. the Minister of Education. Sib,— Wellington, 20th May, 1901. I have the honour to lay before you the following report on the lunatic asylums of the colony for the year ended the 31st December, 1900: — The number of registered insane persons on the 31st December, 1900, was 2,672 —Males, 1,581; females, 1,091 —being an increase of 115 —males, 71; females, 44—over the previous year. The insane of the colony are distributed as follows : — Males. Females. Total. Auckland ... ... ... ... ... 297 190 487 Christchurch ... ... ... ... .. 283 231 514 Dunedin (Seacliff) ... ... ... ... 401 224 625 Hokitika ... ... ... ... ... 87 34 121 Nelson ... ... ... ... ... 85 52 .137 Porirua ... ... ... ... ... 218 245 463 Wellington ... ... ... ... ... 188 90 278 Ashburn Hall (private asylum) ... ... ... 22 23 45 1,581 1,091 2,672 The proportion of the male insane to the male population is,— New Zealand (exclusive of Maoris) ... ... 3-90 per 1,000, or lin 256 New Zealand (inclusive of Maoris) ... ... 3-71 „ lin 270 The proportion of the ftmale insane to the female population,— Exclusive of Maoris ... ... ... ■ ... 299 „ lin 335 Inclusive of Maoris ... ... ... ... 2-85 „ lin 351 The proportion of the total insane to the total population,— Exclusive of Maoris ... ... ... ... 3-47 „ lin 288 Inclusive of Maoris ... ... ... ... 3-30 „ lin 303 Admissions. On the Ist January, 1900, the number of insane persons in our asylums was—Males, 1,512 ; females, 1,045: total, 2,557. The number of those admitted during the year for the first time was —Males, 250 ; females, 157: total, 407. The readmissions numbered—Males, 85; females, 106 : total, 191. Deaths. The percentage of deaths on the average number resident during the year was 561, as compared with 6-30 for the previous year. The percentage of deaths on the admissions was—Males, 33-00; females, 22-77: total, 28 88. Recoveeies. The percentage of recoveries on the admissions was —Males, 34-33; females, 47 - 52 : total, 39-64, as compared with 37-58 for the previous year. I—H. 7,

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Financial Results of the Year. The following table gives the gross and net cost per patient for the year 1899, as compared with the previous year:—

The total receipts for the sale of produce, &c, from the farm for 1900 amounted to £2,498 Is. 10d., as against £2,972 12s. Id. for the previous year.

Sleeping-accommodation in Asylums.

Single Rooms.

At Auckland increased accommodation has been provided for 72 patients. Last year there were 60 patients in excess of statutory number, and since then there has been an increase of 33 patients. There is apparently sleeping-accommodation for 531 patients, but the floor-space is only sufficient for 479. There are 500 patients in the Asylum—2l in excess of the statutory number. At Porirua there appears to be sleeping-accommodation for 512 patients in the common dormitories, but the floor-space will only allow 456 being accommodated. At Wellington the floor-space in common dormitories is sufficient for 161 patients, and 158 are accommodated.

19i 1899. 1900. 1900. Aiylum. Total Cost per Patient. Total Cost per Patient, less Receipts for Maintenance, Sales of Produce, &o. Total Cost per Patient. Total Cost per Patient, less Receipts for Maintenance, Sales of Produoe, &o. Increase. Decreaie. £ s. d. 25 0 1 26 19 9 27 3 1 25 15 5 31 10 llf 27 6 11 33 19 2 £ s. d. 18 2 9$ 20 7 5f 20 13 8 23 4 2 24 14 7f 23 18 9 24 19 10 £ s. 25 15 26 6 27 13 26 7 29 17 25 7 33 1 a. 5* 6i 3f 3i £ s. d. 20 8 5J 19 7 4 20 3 0% 23 7 5 21 15 2f 21 5 10 23 13 2 £ s. d. £ s. d. 2 5 7f Auckland Christchurch ... Seacliff Hokitika Nelson Porirua Wellington 1 0 If 0 10 7f 0 8 3 2 19 5 2 12 11 16 8 Averages ... 27 11 llf 21 9 Bi 27 6 Of 20 16 llf 0 12 54

Asylum. Number of Patients, May, 1901. Number of Patients Number of to be Single Rooms, accommodated in Common I Dormitories. Statutory Common j AccommodaDormitory tion in Accommoda- Common tion : Dormitories : Cubic Feet. Number of Patients. Number of Patients in excess of Statutory Accommodation. i Auckland Christchurch Seaclifi ... Hokitika Nelson ... Porirua ... Wellington 500 530 643 119 142 510 225 112 82 177 30 38 70 67 388 448 466 89 104 440 158 251,378 227,010 276,186 69,302 65,111 307,512 100,173 419 378 460 115 102 512 167 70 6 • "a Totals 2,669 576 2,093 1,296,672 2,153

Asylum. Number of Single Rooms. Total Space: Cubic Feet. Cubic Feet for each Room. Auckland Christchurch Seacliff Hokitika Nelson Porirua Wellington ... 112 82 177 30 38 70 67 101,310 69,651 138,534 22,513 32,228 65,017 60,663 904 850 783 750 848 929 906 Totals ... 576 489,916 850

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The following table shows the actual deficiency in sleeping-accommodation : — Auckland ... ... ... ... ... 21 patients in excess. Christchurch ... ... ... ... ... 70 Seacliff ... ... ... ... ... ... 6 Nelson ... ... ... ... ... ... ( 2 „ Total ... ... ... ... ... 99 patients in excess. New Woeks eequieed and now in Hand. Seacliff Asylum is now in course of being lighted with electricity. I earnestly hope that the best materials will be insisted on, and the most effective means of insulating the wires, especially seeing that in some places they must be placed on walls which are inevitably damp. The range of single rooms, day rooms, &c, on the female side are practically ready for occupation, and will be an immense relief to the overcrowded refractory ward. At Nelson Asylum the new dormitories and single rooms on the female side are finished, except that some changes are required in the quality of the plaster provided. The new laundry is satisfactory, and the whole drainage system is being overhauled. It now only remains to carry out minor repairs and improvements in the older airing-courts and buildings, and to provide for suitable workshops and piggeries. Auckland Asylum has been extended to the fullest size that the area of the site admits of, except that there is room for a new laundry, which is much needed. The new hospital wing is finished, and is an immense boon. In my last year's report I called attention to the urgent necessity, owing to the rapid increase of admissions, of authorising the construction of a new asylum in a suitable position. Before this can be provided I am afraid nothing I can do will prevent the overcrowding that for a short time we had overtaken. The rapid increase of our asylum population relative to our available accommodation will compel us to depart from our present practice of limiting our separate asylums to a maximum of six hundred patients. I think that the new asylum must be designed to accommodate one thousand or eleven hundred patients, as the only means of overtaking the requirements for the next few years at a reasonable cost. Separate blocks should be provided for hospital cases, for idiots and imbeciles and epileptics, and nurses' home, as has been done in the new English asylums. If possible, also, a means of isolating tuberculous patients must be found. It has been found necessary to propose an increase in the rates of pay for skilled artisan attendants, owing to the general rise in wages. I think all the asylum clerks and stewards are underpaid. Their responsibilities are heavy, and their work is in all cases admirably done. This year has been the quietest and most satisfactory in all my experience. The Medical Superintendents are, without exception, highly qualified, and each in his own way deserving of the highest confidence and esteem. No department could have better officers. Their independent reports will give a better idea of the working of the separate asylums than any general report could convey.

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ENTRIES OF VISITS TO THE DIFFERENT ASYLUMS. Auckland Asylum. 2nd September, 1900.—1 have found this Asylum exceedingly well managed under the most trying test of two very wet days. The attendants are working well together, and appear to be contented. Every endeavour is made to treat them well, for it is well known that if they are discontented the whole institution suffers, and the patients most. The food is abundant, and of the best quality. I examined all the recent convalescent patients, and discussed their cases with Dr. Beattie. A very few were confined to bed with slight ailments. The Matron and head attendant are experienced, capable, and trustworthy. The Official Visitors and the Deputy Inspector are a valuable link between the patients, attendants, and the public, and the steadily increasing confidence in the Asylum is largely due to their independence and accessibility to all. lam satisfied the institution is well managed in every department. The foundations of the new wing have been begun. The ventilation has been delayed, owing to the difficulty of getting workmen. 19th February, 1901.—The Asylum, as a whole, is working well. Dr. Beattie and his staff are deserving of great credit for doing the best with the resources at their command. The patients' general health is good. I found no one in bed on the male side, and only three on the female side, and all were receiving careful treatment. As usual, the food, clothing, &c, were suitable and ample. I am greatly disappointed to find that the new wing, which was meant to have ample light, has the windows too high from the ground, especially in the day-room ; and that all the windows are, even the largest, only 18 in. wide, whereas in the older parts there are 21 in. of daylight. The farm is in good order, and Mr. Muir deserves great credit for his work. A great deal requires to be done in properly laying off the new airing-court and the new drying-yard. The time has come for converting the old laundry into dormitories and for the erection of a new laundry. The ventilation improvements are hindered for lack of tradesmen available. Mr. Cooper's promotion to the Supreme Court Bench is a great loss to this Asylum, to which he has done most invaluable service in his honorary office as Deputy Inspector. Cheistchuech Asylum. 12th October, 1900.—1 have found this Asylum in its usual satisfactory condition. The administration is able and vigorous. The patients are well cared for in every respect. The staff is efficient, and I heard not a single complaint. A new day-room has been provided and furnished for the use of the female attendants, where they can sit without being in constant proximity to the patients. Although complaints were made of the want of such a room, now that they have it it is very little used. The farm is a pattern of skilful and profitable management. All the books are in good order. A very great difficulty has been experienced in finding suitable artisan attendants, owing to the prevailing high rate of wages. While this is a matter of great satisfaction from a general point of view, it is very trying to our department, our funds being so strictly limited. 12th May, 1901. —Saw all the patients. The general health is good. All the patients are suitably clad for the cold weather. Everything is in good order. Seacliff Asylum. 9th October, 1900. —I have examined the whole of this Asylum, its adjuncts and surroundings. Everything is going on smoothly. The discipline is good, and there is universal content, except at one point, which I must take time to consider more fully. The general health of the patients is good. There are very few cases of sickness, all of whom I have seen, and lam satisfied they are receiving careful and skilful attention. The food is good and abundant, and the clothing and bedding suitable and good. Two patients whose cases are peculiarly difficult have been discussed fully by Dr. King and myself, and we have agreed as to their nature and treatment. Eapid progress is being made with the single rooms, so much needed on the female side. Seacliff is becoming every year more beautiful and more efficient as a place for treating mental disease. Ist May, 1901.—1 have seen all the patients under medical treatment, and found them all being properly cared for. One case (J. P.) I found declaring that the puckering of the ears following frequent and prolonged haematoma otis, caused by cerebral congestion, was caused by a slap from an attendant, a thing which is clearly impossible. He has other delusions which clearly indicate deep-seated mental perversion. His friends imagine that this is a terrible place, where nameless cruelties are perpetrated, all on the basis of similar delusions. As a matter of fact, this man has been treated with such consideration, and so much freedom of action has been granted to him, that no patient in any asylum could be more sympathetically and skilfully treated. His tastes have been carefully studied, and work has been given to suit them. The new block of single rooms, containing a beautiful day-room, has been built so as to relieve the overcrowded female refractory ward, while at the same time it provides an admirable means of reaching the laundry under cover. The Nurses' Home is rapidly approaching completion. Certain additions have been made to the laundry, which greatly facilitate the working of that department. The designs of all the additions have been made by Dr. King, and have been carried out by him in the most creditable fashion. The A, s yl um as a whole is working most satisfactorily, and it has now been brought into such a condition that Otago may well be proud of it.

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Hokitika Asylum. 10th December, 1900.—This Asylum is in good order throughout. Mr. Gribben has built with asylum labour a block of ten rooms on the female side, all admirably built. I think, however, the beds are too slight. The new water-tank, to be built of concrete, is 16 ft. by 22 ft. by 10 ft., and will be finished for simply the cost of the materials. I do not know any one who has a greater genius for asylum building and providing the required accessories at a cheap rate than Mr. Gribben. The ten single rooms have cost less than £100, and the tank will not cost more than £60. The only persons confined to bed were one male and one female patient; all the others were well cared for in every respect. Nelson Asylum. 23rd May, 1901. —I have carefully examined the new buildings, and I agree most emphatically with Mrs. Neill's report on the new dormitory and single rooms. lam the more surprised that ordinary plaster should have been used seeing that the same mistake was made at Porirua and had to be remedied. It is absolutely no use to use ordinary plaster for asylum work; and I hope the buildings here will be replastered and covered with a layer of Keen's cement, 7 ft. or 8 ft. from the floor, before being handed over. A porch at the auxiliary is badly wanted. The new sewer is being carefully laid. It would be an advantage to have a large ventilating-pipe (on the main drain, up against the fence) where it emerges from the Asylum grounds into the street. I hope to get a vote this year for the building of new workshops and piggeries. The patients are well attended to in every respect. Dr. Mackie is very attentive to his duties. Mr. and Mrs. Morrison and the staff generally are keeping the Asylum in excellent order. The Official Visitors and Deputy Inspector have been a very great assistance to me in everything that has been done of recent years for the improvement of the institution. Pobibua Asylum. 23rd September, 1900. —I have found this Asylum in excellent order. The patients are all suitably clad and shod. Their dinner was excellent. The general health is particularly satisfactory. Dr. Barraclough has entered on his duties as Assistant Medical Superintendent. I hope to see the final wing on the male side finished by Christmas. Dr. Hassell is making steady progress in laying out the airing-courts and grounds. 2nd December, 1900.—T0-day I have seen all the patients. Only two males and one female were confined to bed. All looked remarkably well. The clothing was suitable and very tidy. The dinner was abundant and good. The nursing staff is working well. The upper floor of the terminal male wing will be ready for Christmas, which will enable us to relieve the overcrowding on the male side at Mount View. The workmanship of the new wing is excellent. It is a great pity that Keen's cement had not been used for the dado all through the building, for in many places the plaster is already being broken down. Dr. Barraclough appears to have managed the Asylum during Dr. Hassell's holiday very satisfactorily. Miss Tuersley, the new Matron, was for a long time Matron at Sunnyside, and I am certain she will be found as reliable and capable here as there. 12th March, 1901.—Visited the Asylum to inspect the new male wing. Everything is very satisfactory as regards material and workmanship, and reflects great credit on the architect and. clerk of works. A few minor details are being rectified. The Asylum as a whole is in admirable order. Wellington Asylum. 26th October, 1900.—Visited the Asylum especially to examine the proposed extension of the refractory day-room. Everything is in good order. Ashbuen Hall. 7th October, 1900.—1 found this asylum in its usual good order. Dr. Hay and Dr. Alexander have the greatest interest in all their patients, all of whom I have seen. Great improvements are being effected in Conolly Ward heating arrangements, and Pinel Ward has been freshly decorated. The institution as a whole, as well as its surroundings, is in a most satisfactory condition. sth May, 1901. —I have conversed with and examined all the inmates. No one was under any form of restraint. Most of the patients I have known for years ; all the more recent ones I discussed with Dr. Hay. The greatest care is exercised in inducing all patients to interest themselves in some suitable form of outdoor work, which is infinitely more important as an aid to recovery than all the drugs of the pharmacopoeia. Dr. Hay is by nature and training admirably qualified for the sympathetic and rational method of dealing with persons suffering from nervous diseases. Great improvements have been effected, at a considerable cost, in improving the male side and in the arrangements for warming the building, which are very efficient.

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MEDICAL SUPEEINTENDENTS' KEPOETS.

AUCKLAND ASYLUM. Sib, — Auckland Lunatic Asylum, 22nd April, 1900. I have the honour to submit the following report for 1900 : — At the beginning of the year there were 456 patients in the Asylum. On the last day of the year the number had reached 487. This large increase taxed our accommodation to the utmost, and made the work of the Asylum at times exceedingly difficult and anxious. The number of admissions —119—is very high for Auckland, and the number of new admissions—ninety-seven— the largest for which I can find any record. It must be noted, however, that this does not represent the actual increase in the insanity of the community, for a considerable proportion of those admitted during the year have been insane for years, although the statistics do not disclose this fact, whilst other cases are congenital. The relatives of these patients have either a growing faith in the advantages and conveniences of our asylums, or they are becoming more intolerant of the mentally inflicted in their own homes. A few have been admitted who had been previously insane, but who then had been treated privately. Allowance, too, must be made for a natural increase in proportion to the actual increase in the population of the province. Apart, however, from all this, there has been a most regrettable increase of insanity during the year. The recovery-rate for the year was—Males, 36-7 per cent.; females, 294 per cent. In my last report I complained of the character of the cases admitted during the previous year, and therefore anticipated a low discharge-rate for this year. The rate, however, is reduced more than I expected, owing to the larger number of cases admitted towards the close of the year, when time was too limited for successful treatment. The death-rate is slightly lower than for last year. Five of the deaths were due to cancer. Three of these cases were admitted shortly before death, insanity having supervened during the progress of the disease; the other two cases arose within the Asylum. In both cases the cause was clearly defined. About 16 per cent, of the deaths were due to tuberculosis. The number of deaths from this cause is reduced, but so long as we have to deal with the Maori element it will be difficult, if not impossible, to reduce it much further. A considerable proportion of the Maoris are phthisical upon admission, whilst others acquire the disease with remarkable facility. Two Maori patients were admitted during the year in whom careful examination failed to reveal any evidence of phthisis. One became acutely melancholic, the other was a typical instance of the power of "suggestion." Both were, in the language of the other Maoris, tapu. Both developed acute phthisis, and died within a few weeks, neither having spoken a word after the so-called tapu. The amount of sickness during the year has been, as usual, surprisingly small, although a large number of the male patients and about one-third of the females have had during the whole year to be kept on special diet. In this connection I desire to draw attention to the disposal of the Auckland City night-soil, which has been going on for a considerable period within a comparatively short radius of the Asylum. During the year tons were deposited within a couple of hundred yards of our male hospital, and for weeks, especially during last winter, the stench throughout the greater part of the Asylum, particularly in the mornings, was almost intolerable. There must always be some nuisance inseparable from the disposal of night-soil, and it is difficult always to prove that this nuisance is dangerous to the public health. In dealing with the question there will necessarily be considerable diversity of opinion, and in this case I am not prepared to assert that any danger has so far arisen ; but I am bound to affirm that sickness has occurred in the Asylum during the year for which I can assign no other cause. It seems to me most unfortunate and most extraordinary that the city should permit a nuisance, whether dangerous or otherwise, in such close proximity to a building where they house nearly five hundred of their most helpless and most wretched people. The usual outside work has progressed fairly. The farm results have been the best on record. The new wing for males will be opened about May, when the overcrowding will be relieved. On the female side accommodation is urgently needed. This, I believe, can be best met by building a new laundry—the present one being far too small—and converting the present one into a dormitory. The Asylum at the present time has a splendid body of officers and staff generally. All have worked well, and shown great interest in the welfare of patients. For weeks at a time I never hear a complaint from any patient respecting any member of the staff, and I must regard this as the surest indication of kindly treatment and the faithful discharge of duty. Our thanks are again due to the proprietors of the Herald for daily papers supplied gratuitously for the use of patients, to the United Fire-brigades' Band, and to many others who have contributed to the amusement of patients, or have given gifts for picnics and entertainments. I have, &c, R. M. Beattie, The Inspector-General of Asylums, Wellington. Medical Superintendent.

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CHRISTCHURCH ASYLUM. Bm,— I have the honour to forward the usual statistical tables relating to the admissions, discharges, and deaths of this Asylum for the year 1900, together with a few remarks on their significance and matters affecting the Asylum generally.

Percentage of discharges of first cases on admissions ... ... ... 46 „ all discharges on admissions ... ... ... ... 59^ „ deaths on admissions... ... ... ... ... 22-| „ deaths on number under treatment ... ... ... 2f At the beginning of the year there were 502 patients on the Asylum books—viz., 282 males and 220 females—which, together with sixty-six admitted during the period covered, gave a total of 568 under treatment for the year. The admissions of first cases (fifty) were remarkably low, and fifteen fewer than the previous year. Taken with the readinissions (sixteen), they were thirteen less than the total admissions for the year 1899, which must be considered highly satisfactory, whatever the cause may be. Of those admitted for the first time during the year twenty-three, or 46 per cent., were released during the same period, while the percentage of all those recovered and relieved on the admissions was slightly over 59, which is far higher than the average Asylum recovery-rate, and compares more than favourably with the same rate in English asylums, when we take into account the different class of patients committed to those of this colony. Many of the helpless senile cases —persons merely suffering from the mental infirmities of old age—and weak-minded children who are sent here would be committed to workhouses or other suitable institutions in England, but in this colony are sent to the asylums to become permanent burdens and lessen our recovery-rate. The discharges and deaths totalled fifty-four, and, deducting this number from those under treatment during the year —viz., 568 —we get 514 as the number remaining on the books at the end of 1900, which is an increase of twelve on that of the previous year. The death-rate—viz., 2f per cent, of those under treatment—was again remarkably low, being 2 per cent, lower than the low rate of the previous year, and the lowest for the last fourteen years —probably in the history of this Asylum. This to a large extent accounts for the increase referred to in the last paragraph (the recovery-rate was also slightly lower), which, as pointed out last year, must lead to a greater accumulation of the insane in our asylums proportionate to the general population than obtains in those where the mortality-rate is higher. The necessity for isolation in the treatment of cases of consumption has been more publicly advocated as regards the general community in the recent report of Dr. Mason, the Chief Health Officer of the Department of Public Health. If it is not carried out in an institution of this nature under the control of the Government, where the only difficulty need be the financial one, and where from the careless habits of the patients a3 regards expectoration it is more needed, how can it be expected that the general public will adopt it? I have more than once drawn your attention to the marked unrest and desire for change prevailing amongst the staff for some time past, and in December last wrote you exhaustively on the subject. This more especially applies to the female attendants and the tradesmen, and is mainly, almost entirely, due to the improved labour conditions and demands for those classes of employes. There can be no doubt that the class of girls from which our attendants are drawn have had many more channels of employment opened up to them of recent years, such as private nursing, the telephone and telegraph service, typewriting, and other forms of clerical or office work, while many others prefer factory or shop life on account of its greater freedom. This latter in many cases obliges the elder sister to remain at home to assist with the housework, as the factories absorb nearly all the younger class of general servants. I fear asylum employment has not the same interest and attraction for young women as hospital nursing, while the stricter discipline and control necessary, the nature of the duties, and the disagreeables incidental to asylum life are irksome in the present-day aspirations of refinement,

Male. Female. Total. Admissions. .dmitted, first time ieadmitted 24 9 26 7 50 16 Totals 33 33 66 Discharges; lecovered and relieved ... ... 21 18 39 Deaths ... 11 15 fumber discharged who were admitted during year [umber died „ lumber remaining „ 16 5 12 11 2 20 27 7 32 Totals 33 33 66

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independence, and freedom, and outweigh the better rate of pay. Whether this condition! things can best be met by increased pay, a bonus after a certain term of service and on defined conditions, or by a pension is not for me to decide, but it is obvious that the privileges in regard to increased leave, comforts, &c, granted of recent years have had little effect; and if it is desired to get and retain the former standard of education, intelligence, respectability, physique, and general efficiency amongst our female attendants some greater inducement will have to be held out to them. For my part, I think the bonus system would best meet the case, for pensions would not apply in the cases of those who resign to get married. This unrest, however undesirable from some points of view, and chiefly on account of the anxiety it causes those responsible for the management of the institution and care of the inmates, has some compensating advantages, not the least being that it tends to diffuse a wider general knowledge of insanity and its treatment amongst the public, and to dispel that absurd idea—the relic of the dark ages of asylum life—that all sorts of cruelties and barbarities are practised in those institutions ; thus there should be less reluctance on the part of relatives to place their afflicted friends under proper institutional treatment at an earlier stage of their disease, when there is more hope of their recovery. Anything which has the latter tendency must be a great gain in the welfare of our patients, while it is obvious that the changes referred ffo have had no injurious effect on either our recovery- or death-rate, the one being very high and the other remarkably low, without any serious results from accidents, injuries, &c. From the laudable practice of trying to induce the patients to engage in healthy occupation, or, even in chronic cases, to assist in maintaining themselves by their work, attendants are apt to get into the habit of looking to the patients to perform all the menial services, which at least should be shared with them, and thus they often become slothful, indolent, and careless, or too authoritative and domineering, regarding themselves more as the master or mistress than as the companions or nurses of the patients. When this position arises they generally get intolerant of discipline and control and resign when checked or censured. In such cases change is not always undesirable, and in many is very beneficial to the patients. How often do we notice great improvement in our charges when brought into contact with new attendants and new associations, or given new employment ? It often acts like change of air and scene to the exhausted body and the wearied mind. I have again to acknowledge the valuable services of my medical colleague Dr. Crosby, of Mr. Eussell, the clerk and steward, and other heads of departments in the work of the institution. I have, &c, Edwaed G. Levinge, M.D., The Inspector of Asylums, Wellington. Medical Superintendent.

POEIEUA ASYLUM. Sib, — I have the honour to submit to you the following report on the Porirua Asylum for the year 1900 :— At the beginning of the year there were 369 inmates, and at the end 463. The average number of patients resident was 433 (206 males and 227 females), and the total under care 492 ; 123 patients were admitted, of whom twenty-seven were newly admitted and ninety-six transferred from other asylums. Thirteen were discharged as recovered and four as not improved. Twelve died, making a death-rate of 277 per thousand on the average number resident, which, although higher than the previous year, is still much below the mortality usually found in asylums. In former years the accommodation for patients practically consisted only of large dormitories and day-rooms, but early in the year under review the single-room ward on the female side was completed and occupied, and at the end of the year similar accommodation on the male side was almost finished. The completion of this accommodation enables us to take in cases newly committed, instead of having only chronic cases transferred here from other asylums. This change in the general character of the cases admitted will have a certain influence on our annual statistics. It will, I have no doubt, increase the proportion of recoveries ; but, on the other hand, it will very probably increase the proportion of deaths, owing to the greater mortality in acute cases. There has been comparatively little sickness in the wards and no epidemics of any kind. Three accidents of consequence have to be recorded. One was a case of fracture of the collarbone, and another was a fracture of the neck of the thigh-bone, both of which were simple in nature, and occurred in aged and infirm patients. These injuries were done by purely accidental falls on the floor within doors. The third case was rather more serious. A patient working on the hills was engaged with an attendant procuring fencing-posts from the native bush, when a heavy log unexpectedly rolled down on him, causing a fracture of the large bone of his leg. The patient fortunately made a good recovery from this injury. With the completion of the single-room accommodation referred to above the construction of the original design of the Asylum will be practically finished. It has been found necessary to build a suite of semi-detached rooms on the south side to provide coal and other store-rooms, as well as a large carpenter's shop. This is now being done. Certain alterations and improvements will, I hope, be soon made in the older part of the main building. The attendants' and nurses' messrooms, the laundry, and the kitchen scullery require to be enlarged, and I was glad to learn that the Hon. the Minister for Public Works on his last visit here saw the necessity of these improvements, and authorised them. The extensive additions to the plant in the engineer's department,

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referred to in my last annual report, have been ordered, and I had hoped they would have been finished before the coming winter, but I fear that is not now possible. The new dairy, commenced some months ago, has not yet been completed; it will still be some time before the pasteurising and other plant required arrives from England. Improvements have been effected in our sewage irrigation-works. Nearly the whole of the large kitchen-garden has been subsoil drained, and the old concrete settling-tanks for the sewage have been converted into septic tanks, with most satisfactory results. The patients working outside, besides being engaged on the farm, in the garden, &c, have been occupied throughout the year in the extensive earthworks at the north front of the Asylum, with a view to forming suitable pleasure-grounds, including a cricketing oval. Although several thousand tons of earth must have been removed, a great deal has yet to be done before the original design is complete. Dr. Barraclough, selected from a number of applicants advertised for both in Great Britain and this colony, was appointed Assistant Medical Officer, and commenced duty in September. His professional attainments, and his experience in a similar capacity in England during a period of several years, make him a valuable colleague, and I have to acknowledge his willing co-opera-tion in the "discharge of my duties. The usual entertainments for the amusement of patients have been held, and thanks are due to those visitors who have kindly assisted in providing concert and dance music. I should like to specially mention the assistance rendered by the Messrs. Brady and other members of the Pahautanui Musical Band, who have often greatly added to the enjoyment of the fortnightly entertainment at the Asylum, and also given their valuable services at the patients' annual picnic. Dr. Barraclough is doing good work in training a dramatic company selected from the members of the staff, and I anticipate that some creditable performances will take place during the coming winter. I have, &c, Gray Hassbll, M.D., The Inspector-General of Asylums, Wellington. Medical Superintendent.

WELLINGTON ASYLUM. Sib,— Asylum, Wellington, 14th March, 1901. I have the honour of presenting to you the annual report of this Asylum for the year 1900, together with the statistical tables. When I took charge of the Asylum on the Ist January, 1900, there were 281 patients— 166 males and 115 females. These were fifty-three in excess of the statutory accommodation. During the first week of January five males and twenty-five females were transferred to Porirua. There have been 133 cases admitted during the year—lo2 males and thirty-one females—and in the same period sixteen males and five females have died, forty-seven cases have been discharged, and an additional thirty-four cases have been transferred to Porirua or other asylums. The average number resident during the year has been 25130, being twenty-three in excess of our statutory number. This overcrowding, which has been specially felt on the male side, is reflected on the chance of recovery, and is one most potent factor to account for the small recoveryrate among the male patients. It is not the only factor, however. A great many of the male patients admitted were mental wrecks, due either to old age or excesses, and were not really cases for asylum treatment, but rather for some home where good and careful nursing, combined with some slight disciplinary methods, are in vogue. Other patients, again, are congenital weaklings, and are in a condition which does not require asylum treatment, but are hardly strong enough in mental balance to face the world, yet possessed of procreative powers strong enough to be a menace to the future well-being of the race. Several patients were admitted over seventy years of age. These patients might have been looked after at home, as they only required nursing and attention, and it is not right that an asylum for the insane should be made the dumping-jground for the undesirable, and a harbour of rest where careless and unfilial children may get rid of their parents who have become a burden to them. Of the 133 admissions, 19 males and 11 females had previously been under treatment. Many of the patients were in a weak state of health on admission, and five died within the first month. The mortality for the year was twenty-one, which gives a percentage, calculated on the average number resident, of 12-1 males and 5-8 females, or a mean of 8-9. This seems too high on the male side, but it is explained by the fact of the large number of admissions in proportion to the average number resident, as it is a well-known fact that the death-rate increases with the number of the admissions. This year the admissions on the male side have been the largest on record. Of the sixteen deaths among male patients, eleven died within a year of admission, while only five of the older residents died, thus showing that the general health of the community was good. As regards recoveries, the proportion of recoveries to admissions is 353. Of the males 215 recovered, and of the females 806. These numbers are not a real index of the recovery-rate, as, owing to the large admission-rate on the male side, many patients had to be transferred to Porirua, and several have been discharged from there. But, adding these recoveries to our numbers, the male recovery-rate is too small, and is an indication of the evil results of overcrowding, especially in the refractory ward, which is also used for the admission of new cases. To give a recent case the best possible chance of recovery he should not be put in contact with refractory chronic patients, but should be treated by a special staff of attendants in a ward reserved for recent cases. This it is impossible to do here without structural alterations of the building. 2—H. 7.

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10

There have been few accidents of a serious nature during the year, the most serious being a fracture of the leg, which made an excellent recovery. We have been entirely free from any diseases of an epidemic or contagious nature. A large amount of useful work has been done by the patients, both male and female. The majority of the men have been employed in the garden or in agricultural work, while several pursue their usual trade or calling. The women help in the laundry, sewing-room, and other domestic work. Two new boilers were installed during the year, and we have now a good supply of hot water through the building; while the new drying-chambers have been a great acquisition to the laundry. As an additional precaution against fire, a service of water, connected with«a reservoir on the hill, has been laid all round the building, and fixed hydrants are provided at convenient points, so that any part of the institution can immediately be operated on by an efficient water-supply. Both the male and female attendants are regularly instructed in fire-drill, and have always made a ready response to false alarms of fire. The cottage formerly occupied by the Assistant Medical Officer has now been turned into a nurses' home, and the nurses have expressed their appreciation of the rest and quiet thus afforded them in the evenings after they have spent a whole day in the worry and stress of the wards. The female refractory day-room was too small for the number of patients, and was a source of anxiety both as regards the health and safety of the patients. A start has been made in enlarging it, and I am confident that when it is finished it will add greatly to the comfort and health of the occupants. A similar extension is needed on the male side. The usual repairs and certain other minor structural improvements have afforded useful occupation to a number of the skilled mechanics who are patients. No mechanical restraint has been used in controlling patients. The amusements of the patients have not been overlooked. Books have been added to the library, dances have been held regularly, and indoor games are provided. Several trustworthy patients are allowed " parole," while walking parties go outside the grounds. The annual picnic was held at Miramar. There have been frequent changes among the members of the staff, owing greatly to the increased facility of getting lucrative employment elsewhere. Mr. Wells, formerly night attendant, succeeded Mr. McDonald as clerk, and has proved a capable and efficient officer. To the officers and staff I have to convey my thanks for their hearty co-operation in carrying out the work of the institution. I have, &c, W. Baxteb Gow, M.D., The Inspector-General of Asylums, Wellington. Medical Superintendent.

SEACLIFF ASYLUM. Sib, — ' 31st January, 1901. I have the honour to submit to you the following report on the Seacliff Asylum for the year 1900 :— At the beginning of the year there were 635 patients in the Asylum. During the year 114 patients were admitted—viz., sixty-two males and fifty-two females. The whole number of patients under care during the year was thus 749, the average number resident at any one time being 613. There remained in the Asylum at the close of the year 627 patients—viz., 403 males, 224 females— and there were two men absent on trial. The number discharged relieved and recovered was forty-seven, being in the proportion of 41 per cent, on the admissions. The proportion of chronic hopeless cases committed directly to the institution or transferred from elsewhere continues very high, and it will be observed that 67 per cent, of the total admissions for the year had been insane for more than three months at the time of committal, while 52 per cent, had been insane for twelve months or upwards, or had suffered from previous attacks of insanity. It is obviously impossible under such circumstances that any form of care or treatment can result in a high percentage of discharges. In view of the fact that it is rarely possible to treat the insane satisfactorily in private houses, one cannot help feeling that the friends, relations, or medical advisers who do not avail themselves of the advantages of the early treatment of patients in asylums incur a very grave responsibility. lam strongly of opinion that the number of persons successfully treated in asylums would be much increased if "voluntary patients" were admitted, and if there were a small bedroom in each large hospital where patients could be placed pending committal, instead of their being lodged in gaol, as at present. During the year thirty-eight patients died, being 5 per cent, of the number present during the year. Early in the year thirty-six female patients were transferred to the Porirua Asylum. The effect of this and previous transfers is to render the apparent incidence of insanity in the province excessively high among men as compared with women—viz., 403 as compared with 224—whereas in reality at the present time the relative proportions of men and women admitted are about 105 to 100. The most important work carried out during the year has been an extensive new building for female patients, providing twenty-five single bedrooms, two dormitories, a day-room, lavatories, &c. This building is nearly completed, and will, with the Nurses' Home, which is also under construction, relieve the overcrowding which has existed, and render proper treatment and classification much more feasible. Additions have likewise been made to several of the attendants'

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and improvements to farm-buildings, &c. A water-supply and lire-service has been provided for the auxiliary building at Simla, but a proper reservoir has yet to be constructed. Eoads have been pushed further through the estate, but, owing to a breakdown of the stonecrusher and long delay in getting repairs effected, scarcely any metalling has been done during the year, and the condition of several of the roads is not satisfactory. A leasehold of over 90 acres at Puketeraki, partially cleared of bush the previous year, is now well grassed and securely fenced. This is a most valuable addition to the estate, and affords very fine pasture. There is a steady increase in the production of the farm, the most satisfactory advance during the year being, perhaps, an increase in the milk-yield from 50,854 to 58,608 gallons. In the matter of expenditure there is only one point which calls for special comment —viz., the large sum which appears under the heading " Necessaries, incidental and miscellaneous," and in dealing with this I can merely repeat what I have previously said upon the subject. Under this heading there is unavoidably charged, at the Seacliff Asylum, to annual expenditure money spent in repairs and improvements, which in most other institutions in the colony would not be charged to the Asylums Department, but to the Public Works Department. The maintenance and repair of the main building alone is a constant heavy charge, owing not merely to its large size and costly type, but even more'to initial defects of workmanship and construction. Sixteen years ago Seacliff Asylum was described by the then Inspector-General in his official report as " badly designed and out of date, the buildings defective in construction, and showing everywhere bad workmanship which should never have been accepted." During the last twelve years every effort has been made to overcome these initial defects and render the buildings properly habitable. As the whole of the plumbing had been utterly scamped, and has had to be almost entirely replaced and remodelled, and as there were almost no provisions for ventilation of buildings or drains, no proper drains anywhere, no adequate means of heating, and, in fact, no modern sanitary provisions of any kind, our annual expenditure upon unseen works of this class has necessarily been heavy in spite of the most rigid economy. When it is added that the Asylum was a mere naked unfurnished shell, which has had to be gradually painted, decorated, supplied with necessary furniture and amenities, while the estate was undeveloped and unequipped, and that all these things have to be remedied and supplied for the most part out of the annual expenditure of the institution, it will be fairly realised, I think, that the item " Necessaries, incidental and miscellaneous," has had peculiarly heavy burdens thrust upon it at this particular institution. Further, it is to be noted that in the accounts of the year there has been temporarily charged to " Necessaries " a sum of over £300 spent in wages for extra hands employed in connection with the new annexe, for which a refund will be obtained from the Public Works Department. An average of about 246 male patients have been employed throughout the year at the farm, garden, and workshops, while the main employment for women has been found in fruit-picking and in kitchen, laundry, sewing, mending, and other household work. The two following fatal accidents happened during the year, viz. : (1) A Chinaman working with a bush party carrying firewood at a steep hillside was struck on the head with a piece of wood pitched down from above; (2) a man escaped from the attendants into the bush and hanged himself before those who were pursuing could find his exact whereabouts. Another patient inflicted a severe wound on himself, but it healed rapidly, and left scarcely any scar and no disability. Amusements and recreations have been provided throughout the year. The thanks of the authorities are due to the Otago Times and Witness Company and to the Evening Star Company for copies of their journals supplied free. Very acceptable donations have also been received of books, periodicals, &c, from private individuals. To my colleague Dr. Falconer and to the staff I have to convey my thanks for their cordial assistance in carrying out the work of the institution. I have, &c, F. Teuby King, The Inspector-General of Asylums, Wellington. Medical Superintendent.

D. MacGeegoe, M.A., M.8., Inspector-General of Asylums.

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APPENDIX.

Table I.—Showing the Admissions, Readmissions, Discharges, and Deaths in Asylums during the Year 1900.

Table II.—Admissions, Discharges, and Deaths, with the Mean Annual Mortality and Proportion of Recoveries at per Cent. on the Admissions, &c., during the Year 1900.

Table II.— continued.

Table II.— continued.

In asylums, 1st January, 1900 Admitted for the first time Readmitted M. p. T. M. P. T. 1,512 1,045 2,557 250 85 157 106 407 191 I 335 263 598* Total under care during the year Discharged and removed— Recovered Relieved Not improved Died 103 96 199 1,847 1,308 3,155 64 99 75 46 139 145 266 217 483 Remaining in asylums, 31st December, 1900 .. 1,581 1,091 2,672 Increase over 31st December, 1899 71 i 4 115 Average number resident during the year 1,534 1,049 2,583 * Transferred: 35 males, 61 females; total, 96.

Admissions in 1900. Total Number of Patients under Care. Asylums. In Asylums on 1st January, 1900. Admitted for the First Time. Readmitted. _] Total. Auckland Christchurch Dunedin (Seacliff) Hokitika Nelson Porirua Wellington Ashburn Hall (private asylum) M. F. T. 287 169 456 282 220 502 387 248 635 88 41 129 87 55 142 195 174 369 166 115 281 20 23 43 M. 58 24 51 10 8 7 83 9 F. T. 39 97 26 50 38 89 2 12 3 11 20 27 20 103 9 18 M. 10 9 11 F. 12 7 14 T. 22 16 25 M. F. T. 68 51 119 33 33 66 62 52 114 10 2 12 8 3 11 42 81 123f 102 31 133 10 10 20 M. 355 315 449 98 95 237 268 30 F. 220 253 300 43 58 255 146 33 T. 575 568 749 141 153 492 414 63 35 19 1 61 11 1 96* 30 2 Totals .. 1,512 1,045 2,557 250 157 407 85 106 191 335 263 598f 1,847 1,308 3,155 * Transferred. t Including 35 males and 61 females transferred.

Patients Discharged and Died. In Asylums on the 31st December, 1900. Asylums. Discharged not recovered. Total Discharged and Died. Discharged recovered. Died. lUckland Jhristchurch )unedin (Seacliff) lokitika Jelson 'orirua Vellington ishburn Hall (private asylum) M. P. 25 15 16 13 19 21 4 5 7 4 6 7 22 25 4 6 T. 40 29 40 9 11 13 47 10 M. 5 5 6 1 F. 2 5 40 T. 7 10 46* 1 M. 28 11 23 6 3 10 16 2 F. 13 4 15 4 2 2 5 1 T. 41 15 38 10 5 12 21 3 M. 58 32 48 11 10 19 80 8 F. T. 30 88 22 54 76 124 9 20 6 16 10 29 56 136 8 16 M. F. 297 190 283 231 401 224 87 34 85 52 218 245 188 90 22 25 T. 487 514 625 121 137 463 278 47 3 42 2 1 26 1 4 68f 3 Totals 103 96 199 64 75 139+ 99 46 145 266 217 483 1,581 1,091 2,672 * Transferred : 36 females. t Transferred: 35 males, 25 females. t Transferred: 35 males, 61 females.

Asylums. Average Number resident during the Year. Percentage of Recoveries on Admissions during the Year. Percentage of Deaths on Average Number resident during the Year. Percentage of Deaths on the Admissions. Luckland Jhristchurch .. )unedin (Seacliff) iokitika Jelson 'orirua Vellington ishburn Hall (private asylum) .. M. 296 283 393 86 85 206 165 20 p. 178 226 220 37 52 228 87 21 T. 474 509 613 123 137 434 252 41 M. P. T. 36-76 29-41 3361 48-48 39-39 43-93 30-64 40-38 35-08 40-00 250-00 75-00 87-50 133-00 100-00 85-71 35-00 48-14 21-56 80-64 35-34 40-00 60-00 5000 M. P. T. 9-45 7-30 8-65 3-88 1-76 2-94 5-85 681 6-18 6-97 10-80 8-12 3:52 3-84 3-64 4-85 0 87 2-76 9-69 5-74 8-33 10-00 4-76 7-31 M. F. 41-17 25-49 33-33 12-12 37-09 28-84 6000 20000 37-50 6666 142-80 10-00 15-68 16-12 2000 10-00 T. 34-45 22-72 33-33 83-33 45-45 44-44 15-78 1500 Totals 1,534 1,049 2,583 34-33 47-52 39-64 6-45 4-38 5-61 33-00 22-77 28-88

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Table III.—Ages of Admissions.

Table IV.—Duration of Disorder at Admission.

Table V.—Ages of Patients discharged "Recovered" and "Not recovered" during the Year 1900.

Table V. — continued.

Ages. Auckland. Christehurch. Dunedin (Seacllff). Hokitika. Nelson. Porirua. Wellington. Ashburn Hall (Private Asylum}. Total. M. F. T. Oil M. F. T. M. F. T. 1 0 1 M. F. T. M. P. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. 112 112 4 2 6 19 15 34 67 62 129 79 71 150 68 49 117 43 23 66 36 27 63 14 11 25 Inder 5 years 'rom 5 to 10 years . 10 „ 15 „ . 15 „ 20 „ , 20 , 30 „ . 30 „ 40 „ . 40 , 50 „ . 50 „ 60 „ , 60 „ 70 „ „ 70 „ 80 Jpwards of 80 years Jnknown 4 4 8 18 14 32 17 8 25 16 15 31 3 3 6 8 5 13 112 Oil 3 2 5 4 9 13 8 9 17 3 4 7 6 0 6 5 3 8 4 4 8 2 0 2 Oil 10 17 27 17 10 27 13 10 23 7 4 11 8 8 16 4 2 6 2 0 2 10 1 2 0 2 5 2 7 Oil 2 13 3 14 " 0 11 4 3 7 11 11 22 11 28 39 7 17 24 6 13 19 3 5 8 0 3 3 112 10 1 6 3 9 22 7 29 18 10 28 28 3 31 16 3 19 5 3 8 3 14 , , Oil 0 3 3 4 5 9 10 1 3 0 3 2 13! .. 2 0 2 1 0 1 0 1 1 2 0 2 •• 3 "l 4 Totals 68 51 119 33 33 66 62 52 114 10 2 12 8 3 11 42 81 123 102 31 133 10 10 20 335 263 598

Auckland. Christchurch. Dunedin (Seacliff). Hokitika. Nelson. Porirua. Wellington. Ashburn Hall (Private Asylum). Total. First Class (first attack, and within 3 mos. on admission) Second Class (first attack, above 3 mos. and within 12 mos. on admission) Third Class (not first attack, and within 12 mos. on admission) Fourth Class (first attack or not, but of more than 12 mos. on admission) Unknown M. F. T. 37 19 56 M. F. T. 14 12 26 M. F. T. 29 12 40 M. F. T. 5 2 7 M. F. T. 4 15 M. F. T. 25 33 58 M. F. T. 48 13 61 M. F. T. 4 5 9 M. F. T. 165 97 262 10 5 15 2 4 6 7 7 14 10 1 4 9 13 21 4 25 2 2 4 47 31 78 15 15 30 10 9 19 8 13 21 10 1 2 2 4 8 17 25 18 10 28 3 1 4 65 67 132 6 12 18 3 5 8 19 20 39 2 0 2 2 0 2 5 22 27 15 4 19 , 12 3 53 65 118 4 3 7 10 1 5 3 8 Totals 68 51 119 33 33 66 62 52 114 10 2 12 8 3 11 42 81 123 102 31 133 ! 10 10 20 335 263 598

Ages. Auckland. Recovered j re0^v °* red Recovered re< £ v °£ ed Christchurch. Recovered Not . recovered Dunedin (Seacliff). Recovered Not recovered. Hokitika. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. P. T. From 5 to 10 years „ 10 , 15 „ . 15 „ 20 „ , 20 „ 30 „ , 30 „ 40 „ . 40. „ 50 „ „ 50 „ 60 „ „ 60 , 70 „ . 70 , 80 . Transferred to other asylums Unknown 2 0 2 7 4 11 7 4 11 7 3 10 112 13 4 1 0 1 Oil 10 1 112 2 0 2 Oil Oil 3 4 7 3 3 6 3 4 7 4 0 4 3 0 3 10 1 2 13 Oil 0 1 1 10 1 112 Oil 5 5 10 7 9 16 2 5 7 4 0 4 112 Oil 0 2 2 112 2 0 2 1 0 1 2 0 2 0 11 0 2 2 0 2 2 10 1 3 0 3 i "o 1 0 37 37 Totals 10 1 25 15 40 5 2 7 16 13 29 5 5 10 19 21 40 6 40 46 4 5 9

Ages. Nelson. Por: Re- Not re- Recovered, covered, j covered. Nelson. Porirua. Wellington. Ashburn Hall (Private Asylum). Total. Not recovered. Re- Not covered, recovered. Recovered. Not recovered. Recovered. J rec ™ ed . M. F. T. M. F. T. M. P. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. P. T. M. F. T. M. P. T. M. F. T. M. P. T. Prom 5 to 10 years . 10 , 15 „ . 15 „ 20 „ „ 20 . 30 „ . 30 „ 40 „ „ 40 , 50 „ „ 50 „ 60 , , 60 , 70 „ „ 70 „ 80 . Transferred to other asylums Unknown 10 1 112 112 1 0 1 112 10 1 0 11 10 1 1 0 1 2 2 4 2 2 4 12 3 0 11 2 13 10 1 10 1 2 4 6 6 10 16 2 5 7 6 3 9 5 0 5 0 2 2 0 11 4 0 4 7 4 11 12 9 21 10 7 17 6 4 10 2 13 0 11 0 3 3 2 13 112 0 11 10 1 10 1 112 2 13 6 6 12 24 30 54 24 26 50 21 21 42 16 3 19 9 7 16 12 3 10 1 5 2 7 12 8 20 16 10 26 12 9 21 12 5 17 5 2 7 0 2 2 0 37 37 10 1 10 1 Totals 7 4 11 22 25 47i 42 26 68 6 7 13 3 14 4 6 10 2 13 103 96 199 64 75 139

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14

Table VI.—Ages of the Patients who died.

Table VII.—Condition as to Marriage.

Ages. Auckland. Christchurch. Dunedin „..,.. (Seacliff). Hokitika. Nelson. Porirua. Wellington. Ashburn Hall (Private Asylum). Total. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. 'rom 5 to 10 years „ 10 „ 15 „ „ 15 „ 20 „ „ 20 „ 30 „ . 30 „ 40 „ » 40 „ 50 „ „ 50 „ 60 „ „ 60 „ 70 „ „ 70 „ 80 „ .„ 80 „ 90 „ iver 90 years rnknown 10 1 4 0 4 5 16 8 2 10 7 5 12 3 4 7 Oil 0 3 3 2 0 2 10 1 3 0 3 4 0 4 10 1 3 2 5 4 3 7 4 15 9 4 13 13 4 112 oil oil 4 15 2 0 2 Oil 0 2 2 2 0 2 10 1 3 14 1 0 1 3 0 3 3 14 2 0 2 Oil 12 3 7 18 3 0 3 2 0 2 1 1 2 10 1 1 0 1 3 14 5 16 13 9 22 23 7 30 18 8 26 26 10 36 9 6 15 12 3 oil 112 oil 12 3 Totals 2 13 99 46 145 28 13 41 11 4 15 23 15 38 6 4 10 3 2 5 10 2 12 16 5 21

Admissions. Discharges. Deaths. Auckland— Single Married Widowed M. F. T. 46 18 64 14 25 39 8 8 16 M. F. T. 23 5 28 7 11 18 Oil M. 19 9 0 F. T. 5 24 7 16 1 1 Totals 68 51 119 30 17 47 28 13 41 Christchurch— Single Married Widowed Unknown 19 16 35 14 14 28 0 3 3 14 10 24 7 7 14 Oil 5 5 2 2 7 7 1 6 1 Totals 33 33 66 21 18 39 11 4 15 Duhedin (Seacliff) — Single Married Widowed 38 21 59 21 28 49 3 3 6 15 23 38 8 24 32 2 14 16 13 9 1 6 19 4 13 5 6 Totals . 62 52 114 25 61 86 23 15 38 HOKITIKA— Single Married Widowed Unknown 6 0 2 2 0 1 1 0 6 1 3 2 3 1 1 4 1 0 4 5 1 3 3 0 1 2 1 4 5 1 Totals 10 2 12 5 5 10 6 4 10 Nelson— Single Married Widowed 6 1 1 2 1 0 8 2 1 5 1 1 3 1 0 8 2 1 1 2 0 2 1 4 Totals 8 3 11 7 4 11 3 2 5 PORIRUA — Single Married Widowed 32 36 68 10 30 40 0 15 15 9 0 0 3 12 3 3 2 2 4 6 0 0 1 1 4 7 1 Totals 42 81 123 9 8 17 10 2 12 Wellington— Single Married Widowed 62 10 72 36 18 54 4 3 7 44 23 67 19 23 42 15 6 7 8 1 1 8 4 12 0 1 Totals 102 31 133 64 51 115 16 5 21 Ashburn Hall (Private Asylum)— Single Married Widowed 4 6 5 9 5 11 3 3 0 4 2 1 7 5 1 1 1 0 1 1 2 Totals 10 10 20 G 7 13 2 1 3 Totals — Single Married Widowed Unknown 213 108 321 102 122 224 18 33 51 2 0 2 116 72 188 46 75 121 5 24 29 53 15 68 43 23 66 2 8 10 10 1

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Table VIII. —Native Countries.

Table IX.—Ages of Patients in Asylums on 31st December, 1900.

Table X.—Length of Residence of Patients who died during 1900.

Countries. Auckland. Christchurch (sSSSan. Hokitlka - Nel80n - Porirua. Wellington. Ashburn Hall (Private Asylum). Total. England Scotland Ireland New Zealand Austral'n Colonies M. F. T. 109 60 169 28 11 39 57 49 106 69 58 127 2 4 6 at. f. T. 102 83 185 31 22 53 67 57 124 47 43 90 7 3 10 10 1 4 0 4 4 0 4 M. F. T. 81 43 124 121 81 202 96 60 1561 42 26 68 9 10 19 0 2 2 12 0 12 8 19 3 0 3 0 11 4 0 4 20 0 20 10 1 4 0 4 M. F. T. 12 6 18 11 1 12] J29 19 48 19 4 23 12 3 10 1 3 14 M. F. T. 28 13 41 j 5 3 8 19 9 28 25 24 49 12 3 M. F. T. 75 72 147 27 26 53 46 68 114 38 61 99 6 2 8 3 14 7 3 10 112 4 2 6 10 1 2 2 4 10 1 3 3 6 4 4 8 M. F. I. 63 27 90 19 8 27 35 18 53 43 27 70 7 2 9 10 1 3 5 8 0 2 2 2 0 2 4 0 4 1 0 1 4 0 4 2 0 2 4 15 M. F. T. 8 6 14 6 9 15 2 0 2 5 8 13 M. F. T. 478 310 788 248 161 409 351 280 631 28S 251 539 33 25 58 6 3 9 34 12 46 14 4 18 13 3 16 10 2 12 13 2 15 31 0 31 12 9 21 50 29 79 France Germany Norway Sweden Denmark Italy China Maoris Other countries .. 4 2 6 10 1 1 0 1 10 1 10 1 1 0 1 5 5 10 18 1 19 10 1 0 1 1 2 0 2 3 0 3 3 0 3 0 11 1 0 1| 5 0 5 0 1 1 2 0.2 I 1 0 1 .. 112 14 22 36 2 '6 2 3 0 3 112 Totals .. 1581 1091 2672 !297 190 487 283 231 514 401 224 625 87 34121 85 52 137 218 245 463 188 90 278 22 25 47

Ages. Auckland. Christchurch. Dunedin Q,,vi+iki> Nelson. Porirua. Wellington. Ashburn Hall (Private Asylum). Total. 1 to 5 years S , 10 „ 10 „ 15 „ 15 „ 20 „ 20 , 30 „ 30 . 40 , 40 , 50 „ 50 „ 60 , 60 , 70 , 70 , 80 „ Over 80 Unknown M. F. T. 13 4 6 5 11 45 26 71 65 39 104 ! 71 52 123 52 30 82 42 23 65 7 8 15 112' 7 3 10 M. F. T. 10 1 12 3 7 5 12 30 24 54 46 56 102 62 50 112 61 49 110; 54 27 81 15 13 28 2 2 4 4 3 7 M. F. T. 112 0 11 2 3 5 2 13 38 33 71 73 49 122 till 47 158 ; 77 52 129 79 30 109 13 6 19 5 16 M. F. T. 0 11 3 0 3 9 3 12 12 1 13 1 10 7 17; 20 12 32 22 7 29 8 19 M. F. T. 10 1 3 14 10 4 14 11 15 26 15 10 25 27 13 40 13 7 20 5 16 0 11 M. F. T. 0 2 2 4 6 10 24 23 471 47 63 110! 66 64 130j 51 61 112 20 21 41 6 5 11 M. F. T.< i 3 "l 4 5 16 34 22 56 36 24 60; 49 20 69 1 44 16 60 ! 13 4 17 4 2 6 M. F. T. Oil! 112! 4 5 9 5 4 9 ! 6 6 12 3 4 7 2 2 4 12 3 II. T. 1 1 1 1 8 12 30 20 191 136 294 252 389 254 333 239 246 123 60 38 9 7 14 8 T. 2 2 20 50 327 546 643 577 369 98 16 23 3 2 5 Totals 297 190 487 283 231 514 401 224 625 87 34 121 85 52 137 218 245 46: 188 90 278 22 25 47 1581 1091 2672

Length of Residence. Auckland. Christchurch. Dunedin (Seacliff). Hokitika. j Nelson. Porirua. Wellington. Ashburn Hall (Private Asylum). Total. Under 1 month From 1 to 3 months .. „ 3 „ 6 . 6 „ 9 . 9 „ 12 „ 1 „ 2 years ,,2,3,, „ 3 „ 5 „ , 5 „ 7 „ . 7 „ 10 „ » 10 „ 12 „ . 12 „ 15 „ Over 15 years Died while absent on trial M. F. T. Oil 5 16 4 15 7 18 M. F. T. 2 0 2 2 13 Oil 2 0 2 1 0 1 M. F. T. 10 1 4 15 112 M. F. T. 112 M. F. T. M. P. I. 101 M. F. T. 4 15 2 13 112 3 0 3 10 1 2 13 M. P. T. 1 0 1 M. P. T. 8 2 10 13 i 17 8 5 13 13 1 14 3 0 3 13 8 21 10 4 14 6 3 9 11 3 14 0 3 3 112 3 3 6 8 9 17 2 0 2 1 0 1 5 2 7 12 3 2 13 4 15 0 2 2 112 Oil 3 3 6 10 1 3 3 6 3 14 Oil 10 1 2 13 3 14 10 1 10 1 1 0 1 Oil 2 0 2 2 0 2 3 14 1 i 2 10 1 2 0 2 Oil oil 1 1 2 3 3 6 10 1 oil 2 0 2 oil 12 3 10 1 10 1 Totals 99 46 145 28 13 41 11 4 15 23 15 38 6 4 10 3 2 5 10 2 12 16 5 21 2 13

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Table XI.—Length of Residence of Patients discharged "Recovered" during 1900.

Table XII.—Causes of Death.

Length of Eesidenoe. Auckland. Christchurch. Dunedin (Seacliff). Ashburn Hall (Private Asylum). Hokitika. Nelson. Porirua. Wellington. Total. Under 1 month From 1 to 3 months , 3 „ 6 „ 6 „ 9 , 9 ,,12 „ » 1 „ 2 years .. „ 2 „ 3 „ .. » 3 ■„ 5 „ .. „ 5 „ 7 „ .. „ 7 ,10 „ .. . 10 „ 12 „ .. . 12 „ 15 „ .. Over 15 years M. F. T. 112 6 6 12 7 5 12 8 2 10 2 13 M. F. T. 9 4 13 2 3 5 3 3 6 10 1 13 4 M. F. T. 2 0 2 5 6 11 5 6 11 3 3 6 2 13 2 4 6 M. F. T. 2 1 3 Oil 10 1 Oil 12 3 M. F. T. 3 0 3 2 2 4 112 1 1 2 M. F. T. 2 0 2 Oil 2 2 4 Oil 12 3 M. F. T. 0 3 3 4 3 7 3 3 6 3 4 7 3 3 6 6 9 15 M. F. T. 10 1 2 13 14 5 Oil M. F. T. 3 3 6 28 16 44 19 26 45 17 17 34 15 6 21 14 21 35 13 4 3 2 5 0 11 10 1 1 0 1 112 10 1 10 1 0 1 1 10 1 10 1 1 V 2 Totals .. 25 15 40 16 13 29 19 21 40 4 5 9 7 4 11 6 7 13 22 25 47 4 6 10 103 96 199

Causes. Auckland. Christchurch. Dunedin (Seacliff). Hokitika. Nelson. Porirua. Wellington. Ashburn Hall (Private Asylum). Total. Acute rheumatism Alcoholism Apoplexy Asphyxia Asthenia Bright's disease Bronchitis Cancer Cardiac failure.. Cardiac valvular degeneration Cardiac thrombosis Cellulitis Cerebral degeneration Cerebral haemorrhage Cerebral tumour Cerebral paralysis Chronic brain-disease Convulsions Diabetes Diarrhoea Emphysema and chronic bronchitie Epilepsy Fracture of skull General paralysis Heart-disease Huntingdon's chorea Influenza Intussusception of bowel Jaundice and pneumonia Marasmus Meningitis Multiple abcesses Obstruction of bowel (Edema of lung Ovarian tumour Peritonitis Pneumonia Pulmonary phthisis Pulmonary haemorrhage Rupture of heart Sarcoma Senile decay Suffooation by strangulation Suicide while absent on trial Syncope Syphilitic gumma of brain Tuberoulosis M. F. T. 101 112 134 2 13 101 4 2 6 101 10 1 4 04 Oil M. F. T. 10 1 l i' 2 101 oil 10 1 10 1 M. F. T. oil Oil 2 02 10 1 Oil 112 10 1 112 10 1 112 Oil Oil oil 10 1 10 1 M. F. T. 10 1 101 l 6' i oil M. F. T. 10 1 M. F. T. 2 02 2 13 2 0 2 Oil 10 1 M. F. T. 10 1 4 i' 5 2 02 2 i' 3 5 0 5 M. F. T. 101 oil 10 1 M. P. T. 10 1 10 1 3 2 5 Oil 3 14 2 0 2 10 1 2 3 5 3 2 5 112 1 0 1 1 1 2 2 13 10 1 10 1 112 11 5 16 0 1 1 Oil 10 1 0 1 1 4 15 10 1 10 1 11 6 2 8 1 0 1 112 10 1 Oil Oil Oil Oil 1 0 1 Oil Oil 10 1 13 7 20 7 2 9 Oil 10 1 10 1 4 2 6 2 0 2 10 1 5 16 10 1 2 13 112 10 1 Oil oil Oil Oil 10 1 oil oil 101 3 14 3 14 4 2 6 4 15 2 13 101 10 1 2 3 5 101 10 1 0 11 10 1 10 1 2 i' 3 2 i' 3 10 1 101 2 1 3 10 1 101 112 2 0 2 Totals 28 13 41 11 4 15 23 15 38 6 4 10 3 2 5 10 2 12 16 5 21 2 13 99 46 145

17

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Table XIII. —Causes of Insanity.

3—H. 7.

Causes. Auckland. Christchurch. Dunedin (Seacliff). Hokitika. Nelson. Porirua. I Ashburn Wellington. Asylum). Total. Accident Adolescence Adverse circumstances Alcohol Apoplexy Bright's disease Cerebral tumour Child-bearing and puerperal Climacteric Congenital Diabetes Domestic trouble and anxiety Epilepsy Erysipelas General paralysis Grief Heredity Hysteria Ill-health Influenza Isolation and solitude Lactation Love disappointment Malignant disease Masturbation Menstrual Morphia Music mania Organic Overwork Previous attack Privation and poverty Prostitution .. . .. Political excitement Beligioue excitement ■ Senile decay Shock .. .. Surgical operation Sunstroke Syphilis Uterine .. ... Venereal disease Worry Unknown M. F. T. M. P. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. ¥. T. M. F. T. 3 2 5 M. F. T. 6 17 3 14 10 1 19 1 20 M. F. T. oil M. F. T. 9 3 12 3 2 5 2 2 4 57 18 75 10 1 10 1 2 0 2 0 17 17 0 17 17 26 36 62 2 0 2 13 9 22 17 5 22 0 11 1 0 1 0 11 20 17 37 0 2 2 6 3 9 4 5 9 9 1 10 0 2 2 10 1 10 1 34 3 37 0 3 3 2 0 2 10 1 4 15 4 2 6 7 3 10 12 3 0 11 10 1 8 7 15 18 12 30 0 5 5 0 11 2 0 2 2 0 2 0 11 5 0 5 6 6 12 65 75 140 13 5 18 4 i' 5 12 3 15 4 19 112 10 1 2 6 8 10 1 2 0 2 10 1 0 5 5 0 8 8 8 9 17 101 1 6' 1 0 2 2 Oil 2 4 6 0 2 2 0 3 3 7 9 16 ■■ I 101 10 1 0 2 2 0 3 3 5 13 18 0 6 6 0 2 2 2 13 9 1 10 3 2 5 2 02 3 14 Oil 3 1 4 4 4 8 4 15 Oil 0 3 3 4 0 4 10 1 Oil 2 3 5 9 i' 16 2 35 0 22 7 4 11 oil 2 13 101 3 14 3 0 3j 3 0 3! Oil 101 Oil 14 5 2 0 2 10 1 2 13 oil 10 1 10 1 6 17 0 1 1 2 02 Oil 7 29 Oil 2 0 2 7 07 10 0 10 101 10 1 10 1 2 0 2 3 14 Oil 6 2 8 112 10 1 10 1 1 i' 2 Oil 12 3 Oil 3 5 8 2 13 10 1 0 1 1 10 1 0 22 8 3 11 7 18 3 3 6 12 2 4 0 3 3 Oil Oil Oil 2 02 2 0 2 Oil 5 0 5 3 3 6 14 5 19 6 i' 13 2 0 2 15 13 28 4 0 4 123 1 8 4 15 40 55 10 6' 16 0 2 2 Totals 68 51 119 62 52 114 10 2 12 8 3 11 42 81 123 102 31 133 10 10 20 335 263 598 33 33 66

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Table XIV.—Former Occupations of Patients.

18

Occupation. I I 00 2 5 I so a o d 5 a o cc .2 13 I > Ma I 1 < Occupation. o o § q a Q I is 0) !"& en a a 1 < 0 a o 'A o o & •6 O 0 < •I o a d q I d 0 8 Oh o Mi ,ES. Aboriginal natives.. Blacksmiths Boilermaker Bootmakers Brass-finisher Bricklayers Broker Bushman Butchers.. Cabinetmaker Canvasser Carpenters Carrier .. Carter Chemists.. Clerks Coach-drivers Commission agent.. Compositor Contractor Cook Cordial - manufacturer Currier Draper Draughtsman Engine-driver Engineer Estate agent Farmers Fruit-grower Fireman Gardeners Gentleman Grocers Gum-diggers Hairdresser Hawkers Hotelkeeper Ironmonger 5 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 r i 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 'a i i 2 i 5 6 J 1 ! 4 1 2 I 3 1 1 8 1 1 I 3 9 3 1 1 1 1 ! i Island traders.. .. Journalists Labourers Marble-mason Mariners Mechanic Medical men Merchant Miners Music-teacber Painters Piano-tuner Photographer Platelayer Plumbers Sawyer Schoolboys Schoolmaster Shearer Solicitors Stationrnaster Stone-mason Storekeepers Swagger Tailor Tailor's cutter Timber-merchants Tinsmith Travellers Weaver Warehouseman Waterman Waiter Wheelwright Wood-engraver No occupation Unknown 2 1 15 1 2 2 1 11 1 23' 2 1 1 6 1 1 1 4 3 1 1 '20 1 1 2 2 39 G 2 2 1 2 5 112 1 12 1 3 1 13 1 5 1 1 i 2 1 1 2 1 1 4 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 1 1 I 13 12 1 1 2 3 1 8 1 3 2 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 ■2 1 1 i i 1 3 1 i i i i i i 36 1 1 2 i 5 7 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i i i' 2 7 4 7 2 1 3 11 1 2 I 3 1 1 i i 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 i i 3 H i 3 4 2 1 3 1 8 i 2 i 1 Totals .. 68 33 62 I 10" 8 42 102 ! 335 10 Fe: iLES. Aboriginal natives.. Destitute Domestic duties .. Domestic servants.. Dressmaker Farmer Gentlewomen Hotelkeeper Laundress Machinist Milliners Music-teachers 1 1 37 1 25 5 35 3 I 2' 3 3 48 16 29 5 4 4 6 184 19 1 1 4 1 1 1 2 2 Nurse Prostitutes Saleswoman School-teachers Seamstress Shopkeepers Student Tailoresses No occupation Unknown 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 . . 1 * " [ 1 1 9, 1 2 1 2 1 5 1 1 4 4 1 4 1 1 2" 6 7 13 ■2 Totals 5l"! 38 5-2 2 3 81 'si! 10 263

19

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Table XV.—Showing the Admissions, Discharges, and Deaths, with the Mean Annual Mortality and Proportion of Recoveries per Cent. of the Admissions for each Year since 1st January, 1876.

In Asylums, Ist January, 1876 .. .. .. .. .. ~ 482 254 736 In Asylums, Ist January, 1901 .. ~ ~ .. . _ t j j Ogj. 2 672

Discharged. I Average Numbers resident. Percentage of Recoveries on Admissions. Year. Admitted. Not Impr< 've<J. Died. Remaining 31st December in each Year. Percentage of Deaths on Average Numbers resident. Recovered. Relieved. 1876 1377 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900 M. 221 250 247 248 229 232 267 255 238 294 207 255 215 230 230 234 231 281 320 379 296 300 355 264 335 F. T. 117 338 112 362 131 378 151 399 149 j 378 ■ 127 ! 359 152 419 166 421 153 391 160 454 165 372 161 416 146 I 361 161 391 160 i 390 201 : 435 158 389 179 ' 460 256 i 576 302 681 170 466 244 i 544 258 I 613 247 ! 511 263 598 I I M. P. IT. M. P. T. M. J F. 125 81 206 17 ' 8 25 6 6 123 57 180 20 9 29 j 7 2 121 68 189 14 ; 14 28 3 3 112 76 188 15 13 28 8 3 100 67 i 167 j 36 25 61 ' 5 2 93 65 J 158 I 41 ' 36 77 8 1 95 59 154 ' 49 32 81 5 7 102 78 180 J 13 20 33 j 10 9 89 77 : 166 17 9 26 18 12 95 76 171 10 5 15 i 73 29 99 60 j 159 11 17 28 12 8 103 i 78 I 181 34 17 51 116 ! 92 , 208 31 28 59 I 2 2 93 53 ; 146 31 j 30 61 3 1 : 98 88 186 j 23 17 ' 40 12 5 i 88 i 74 162 j 33 24 57 14 30 89 ! 76 165 21 IT ! 38 8 2 101 89 190 J 17 12 ; 29 9 9 107 76 183 i 15 11 26 55 84 105 77 182 J 24 19 j 43 128 139 104 70 174 J 25 16 j 41 20 12 102 73 173 J 26 ! 32 58 17 31 114 j 110 224 I 13 23 36 104 47 88 99 I 187 15 25 40 7 42 103 , 96 J 199 39 10 i 49 25 65 2,565 1,915 !4,480 j 590 ! 469 1,059 559 551 T. M. ! F. 12 36 I 12 9 42 21 6 51 17 11 55 i 16 7 54 20 9 49 14 12 60 19 19 65 18 30 68 24 102 73 22 20 57 19 74 27 4 78 26 4 70 30 17 ! 76 35 44 79 41 10 74 34 18 78 23 139 64 35 267 101 42 32 86 32 48 105 43 I 151 88 60 49 114 i 43 90 99 : 46 T. 48 63 68 71 74 03 79 S3 92 95 76 101 104 100 111 ! 120 108 101 99 143 118 I 148 148 157 145 M. J P. 519! 264 581 291 638 ! 319 695' 361 729: 396 769 406 827 442 892 483 938 514 981 542 1,009 604 1,053 643 1,041 640 1,074 687 1,095! 702 1,115 734 1,154! 763 1,229 810 1,308 860 1,329 885 1.390 925 1,440 990 1,4721,008 1,5121,045 1,5811,091 T. M. 783 491 872 541 957 601 1,056 666 1,125 703 1,175 747 1,269 796 1,375 860 1,452 911 1,523 965 1,613 984 1,696 1,034 1,681 1,045 1,761 1.046J 1,797 1,078 1,849 1,089} 1,917 1,125 2,039 1,172 2,168 1,241 2,214 1,313 2.315 1,347 2,430| 1.411 2,48011,438 2,557 1,487 2,672 1,534 F. 257 277 303 337 371 388 421 475 497 528 559 613 641 660J 685 699J 714J 758 812 849 882 944 973 1,004 1,049 T. 748 818 904 1,003 1,074 1,135 1,217 1,335 1,408 1,493 1,543 1,647 1,686 1,707 1,763 1,789£ 1,839| 1,930 2,053 2,162 2,229 2,355 2,411 2,491 2,583 M. 54-53 49-20 48-98 4516 43-66 40-08 35-58 40-00 37-39 32-31 47-82 40-39 53-95 40-43 42-61 37-61 38-53 35-94 39 63 41-27 37-41 35-92 44-88 32-31 30-74 F. 66-01 50-80 51-90 50-33 44-96 51-10 38-81 46-98 50-32 47-50 36-36 48 75 63-01 32-92 55 00 36-82 48-10 49-72 i 45-18 46-66 4402 37-82 51-89 44 33 36-50 T. 57-56 49 72 50-00 47-11 44-17 44-01 36-75 42-75 42-45 37-66 42-74 43-61 57-62 37-34 47-69 37-24 42-42 41-30 41-03 43-40 39-82 36-69 48 07 37-58 33-27 M. F. 8-21 3-58 7-76 7 58 8-48 5-61 8-25 474 7-68 5-39 6-29 3-60 7-53 4-51 7-55 3-78 7-46 4-82 7-56 4-16 579 3-39 7-15 4-40 7-56 4-05 6-69 4-54 7-05 5 11 7-25 5-86 6-58 476 6-66 303 516 4-31 769 4-94 6-38 3-63 7-44 455 6-12 617 7-67 4-28 6-45 4-38 T. 6-70 770 752 7-07 6-89 5-55 6-49 6-21 C-53 6-36 4-91 613 6-16 5-86 6-29 6-71 587 5-23 482 6 61 5-29 6 28 614 6-30 5-61 6,613 4,489 |11, 102 1,110 1,796 719 i I 2,515 j i i •• .. .. .. I l

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20

Table XVI.—Showing the Admissions, Readmissions, Discharges, and Deaths from the 1st January, 1876, to the 31st December, 1900.

Table XVII.—Summary of Total Admissions Percentage of Cases since the Year 1876.

Table XVIII.—Expenditure, out of Immigration and Public Works Loan, on Asylum Buildings during the Financial Year ended 31st March, 1901, and Liabilities at that Date.

Table XIX. —Total Expenditure, out of Immigration and Public Works Loan, for Repairs and Buildings at each Asylum from 1st July, 1877, to 31st March, 1901.

M. F. T. M. F. T. Persons admitted during period from 1st January, 1876, to 31st December, 1900 . . Readmissions .. .. .. ... 5,396 3,422 8,818 1,217 1,067 2,284 Total cases admitted Discharged cases— Recovered Relieved Not improved .. Died 6,613 4,489 11,102 2,565 1,915 4,480 590 469 1,059 559 551 1,110 1,796 719 2,515 5,510 3,654 9,164 Total cases discharged and died since January, 1876 Remaining in asylums, January 1st, 1876 482 254 736 Remaining in asylums, January 1st, 1900 1,581 1,091 2,672

Males. Females. Both Sexes. Recovered Relieved .. Not improved Died Remaining 39-79 8-92 8-45 27-16 15-69 42-65 10-44 12-27 16-01 18-63 40-35 9-53 9-99 22-65 17-48 100-00 100-00 100-00 100-00

Asylums. Net Expenditure for Year ended 31st March, 1901. Liabilities on 31st March, 1901. Auckland Wellington Porirua CUristehurch Dunedin (Seacliff) .. Nelson Hokitika £ s. d. 3,038 17 11 1,616 2 0 10,587 3 7 75 16 8 2,227 16 10 1,231 13 5 94 3 11 £ s. d. 1,906 3 3 84 0 0 5,611 7 2 64 0 0 6,751 15 6 544 6 8 85 1C 1 Totals 18,871 14 4 15,047 8 8

Asylums. 1877-93. 1893-94. 1894-95. 1895-96. 1896-97. Auckland Wellington Wellington (Porirua) Christchurch Dunedin (Seacliff) Napier Hokitika Nelson £ s. d. 70,712 1 5 .. I 19,958 18 7 24,053 11 6 93,662 13 7 .. 115,955 16 9 147 0 0 1,164 19 8 4,887 1 3 £ s. d. 1,033 19 3 15,272 2 3 545 4 5 1,881 19 8 £ s. A. 505 10 7 880 11 1 8,007 10 2 2,159 0 9 1,879 17 8 £ s. d. 2,994 10 4 275 4 0 768 15 5 4,863 10 1 1,810 11 2 £ s. d. 9,565 4 4 175 10 0 4,873 16 10 1,169 11 1 280 11 0 223 8 1 2o6' 0 0 22 5 8 200 0 0 33817 3 Totals ., j 330,542 2 9 18,956 13 3 13,632 10 3 10,934 16 8 16,403 10 6 Asylums. 1897-98. 1898-99. 1899-1900. 190O-1. Total let Expenditure, 1st July, 1877, i 31st March, 1901. Auckland Wellington Wellington (Porirua) Christchurch Dunedin (Seacliff) Napier Hokitika Nelson £ s. d. 3,177 14 6 133 11 4 8,655 10 0 821 18 4 222 13 6 £ s. d. 208 7 2 1,606 18 10 11,233 9 1 188 15 9 1,797 0 4 £ s. d. 1,553 11 4 1,823 17 0 11,095 9 6 1,386 17 7 £ s. a. 3,038 17 11 1,616 2 0 10,587 3 7 75 16 8 2,227 16 10 £ s. a. 92,789 16 10 26,470 12 10 94,547 8 4 103,486 10 8 127,443 4 1 147 0 0 ],281 9 3 1-2,083 9 10 1,118 1 10 2,632 2 4 1,852 5 8 94' 3 11 1,231 13 5 Totals .. 14,129 9 6 17,666 13 6 17,712 1 1 18,871 14 4 458,849 11 10

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21

Table XXI.— Average Cost of each Patient per Annum.

Note.—Including the first five item- in Table XX., the net cost per patient is £22 9s. Bd., as against £21 19s. Ofd. for ihe previous year, beiug an increase of 10s. 7Jd. per head.

Table XX.— Showing the Expenditure for the Year 1900.

Approximate Coat of Paper.— Preparation, not given ; printing (1,625 copies), £20 ss.

By Authority: John Mackat, Government Printer, Wellington.- -1901. Price, 9d.\ 4—H. 7.

Items. Auckland. Christchurch. Dunedin (Seaclifi). Hokitika. Nelson. Porirua. ellington. Total. Inspector* Assistant Inspector* Clerk* Medical fees* Contingencies* Official Visitors Visiting Medical Officers Superintendents Assistant Medical Officers Clerks Matrons Attendants and servants Rations Fuel and light Bedding and clothing Surgery and dispensary Wines, spirits, ale, and porter.. Farm Necessaries, incidental, and miscellaneous £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. 1,000 0 0 87 0 0 197 10 0 998 13 6 289 0 5 151 4 0 369 17 10 3,447 0 0 1,081 5 6 726 13 4 617 1 5 ■ 21,117 4 8 17,683 6 5 4,463 9 6 5,291 4 4 399 11 0 123 9 7 3,664 3 2 11,021 1 2 •• -- •• ■• • • 25 4 0 12 12 0 50 8 0 12 12 0 150 0 0 3C0 0 0 12 12 0 219 17 10 200 0 0 75 0 0 1,204 8 1 1,182 9 8 280 2 4 202 4 8 42 15 5 8 3 6 274 3 0 620 7 6 2,j 4 0 600 0 0 91 13 4 120 0 0 84 19 9 3,443 16 4 2,883 14 10 953 11 2 824 11 6 58 18 5 19 11 3 781 14 7 1,980 13 8 12 12 0 576' 3 4 250 0 0 120 0 0 88 15 0 2,482 12 0 2,113 15 4 669 6 3 485 10 8 55 8 7 44 7 0 250 4 6 1,408 14 9 570 16 8 600 0 0 239 12 2 250 0 0 108 6 8 190 0 0 88 6 8 95 0 0 3,672 3 8 3,986 10 4 3,305 14 3 3,218 15 2 764 7 3 1,267 8 2 946 19 10 1,324 19 11 43 18 1 106 4 2 13 0 0 9 10 456 1 3 817 9 7 1,618 4 4 1,860 12 2 600 0 0 250 0 0 188 6 8 100 0 0 5,273 12 10 3,973 8 10 475 6 2 1,276 5 3 74 19 2 22 3 4 1,084 10 3 3,278 4 1 85 0 0 1,054 1 5 1,005 8 4 53 8 2 230 12 6 17 7 2 7 3 6 254 4 8 Totals Repayments, sale of produce, &c. 11,852 14 10 13,738 12 6 3,253 12 9 3,366 12 6 j I j 16,647 4 7 : 3,966 12 7 3,169 17 9 315 2 7 4,322 4 0 933 18 2 11,868 8 10 1,479 0 11 8,557 9 5 2,259 9 8 72,728 15 10 15,574 9 2 Actual cost .. 8,599 2 1 j 10,372 0 0 6,297 19 9 57,154 6 8 12,680 12 0 2,854 15 2 3,388 5 10 10,389 7 11 * Not included in Table XXI.

Asylums. Provisions. Salaries. Bedding _ . , Surgery Wines, and T?iht and Spirits, Ale, Clothing, j Dispensary. &c. Farm. Total Cost Repayment and lis Per forWainceSaneous. Patient - tenauce - Total Cost per Head, less Repayments j for "Maintenance Total Cost 'ZTLTiL per Head, less of Receipts I \\XfndT oreof ad kinds, p™^ Decrease in 1900. Increase in 1900. j i £ s. d. " £ s. d. j £ s. d. £ s. d. j £ s.' d. £ s. d. Auckland .. 6 19 5| 9 18 6 1 19 11J 1 12 3£ i 0 1 10J I 0 0 6* Christchurch .. 6 6 5 10 1 8| 2 12 0J 2 9 9§ ' 0 4 2 ! 0 0 4J Dunedin (Seaclifi) 6 9 7£ 10 10 10 ■ 2 1 7J 0 15 6 0 2 5J : 0 0 8| Hokitika .. 8 3 5| 13 0 5} 1 17 6 0 8 8J . 0 2 9| ' 0 1 2 Nel-on .. .. 8 12 l\ 12 9 10} . 1 9 6J 2 0 10J i 0 6 3 0 1 21 Porirua .. 6 12 10} 10 1 2J j 1 18 0 2 3 ll| j 0 2 8£ | 0 0 10} Wellington ..879 14 0 2 | 1 18 6£ 2 13 1} : 0 4 4§ j 0 3 6| Averages .. 6 19 1J 10 16 5J 2 1 7} 1 15 1J '' 0 3 1} | 0 0 11} £ s. d. 0 19 2* 1 12 li 1 15 4J 2 0 01 1 16 01 0 19 10J 1 8 9} I £ s. a. 3 8 3J 3 13 11 5 6 ll| 2 1 4 4 10 6} 4 11 3J 5 11 9J £ s. d. 25 0 1 26 19 9 27 3 1 25 15 5 31 10 11} 27 6 11 33 19 2 £ s. d. 5 7 11 5 7 4} 4 15 1 2 6 0J 5 14 0| 2 13 9 7 13 91 4 17 41 £ s. d. 19 12 2 21 12 41 22 8 0 23 9 4} 25 16 ll| 24 13 2 26 5 4} I £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. 18 2 9J 20 8 51 2 5 7} 20 7 5} 19 7 4 20 13 8 20 3 01 23 42 23 751033 24 14 7} 21 15 2} ! 23 18 9 21 5 10 24 19 10 23 13 2 £ s. d. 1 0 1} 0 10 7} 2 19 5 2 12 11 16 8 i 1 21 9 51 20 16 11} 0 12 5A 4 6 8i 27 11 11} 22 14 7J