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for this purpose in New Zealand, as it is not liable to the attacks of the slug-leech, which is destroying the hawthorn. It may also be grown as underwood, but is of less value than B. Frangula for this purpose. The berries are a drastic aperient, and form the basis of the "sap-green" of artists. CEDRELA. Cedrela australis {F. Mueller). "Australian Red Cedar." Eastern Australia, as far south as 36°. —"Attains the height of 200ft. and a stem-girth of 18ft. towards the base. Messrs. Danger and Name measured a tree on the Macleay River 48ft. in stem-circumference at 10ft. from the ground; it yielded 80,000ft. of sound timber. Market-value in Brisbane, 15s. to 17s. per 100 superficial feet."— Baron von Mueller in " Select Extra-tropical Plants for Industrial Culture." The timber afforded by this tree is highly ornamental, smooth, even in the grain, and takes a fine polish. It is largely imported into New Zealand for office-fittings, furniture, and boat-building. Suitable for planting in districts north of the Waitemata, and may be propagated by seeds or by cuttings of the root. ACER (Linne). The Maple. Acer pseudo-platanus {Linne). " The Sycamore." Europe, Asia Minor.—Height, 80ft. to 100ft. A well known shade-tree. Flourishes in all parts of New Zealand. Wood white, firm, even, and easily worked, but not durable when exposed; valued for dairy-ware, musical instruments, and many other special purposes. A. macrophyllum (Pursh). " Large-leaved Maple." Western Coast of North America.—Height, 80ft. A noble species, flourishing in cool soils. Wood of a satiny lustre, often with fine veins; highly valued for furniture. A species of rapid growth. A. platanoides {Linne). "Norway Maple." Norway to Switzerland.—Height, 60ft. to 80ft. Wood of equal value to A. macrophyllum, but less satiny. May be planted on blown sand. A. saccharinum {Wangenheim). " Sugar Maple." Canada, Nova Scotia, Eastern United States. —Height, 60ft. to 100ft. Wood hard, firm, and compact; sometimes used as a substitute for oak for inside work; employed by wheelwrights, turners, founders, builders, &c, and especially by cabinet-makers for ornamental furniture and for decorative purposes. The wood is often curled, clouded, waved, or spotted, when it forms the well-known bird's-eye maple, and the entire log is converted into veneers, which are turned off parallel to the concentric rings. In Canada and the United States sugar is extracted from the sap in newly-settled districts where the sugar-maple is plentiful; but in this colony the value of labour would render it cheaper to purchase imported canesugar. A. rubrum {Linne). "Red-flowered Maple." Canada and Eastern United States.—A lofty species, preferring moist situations, and forming the maple-swamps of Florida ; but often found on dry ranges. Timber of similar value to that of the sycamore, but when curled or mottled valued for ornamental furniture. CYTISUS {Linne). Cytisus scoparius {Linne). "Broom." Europe, Temperate Asia.—A dwarf bush, valuable as undergrowth in open woods, and especially on their margins, as it tends to arrest the progress of fires. May be sown or planted on blown sand. GENISTA {Linne). Genista candicans {Linne). Southern Europe.—A dwarf bush, suitable for the margins of fire-belts, and for planting on blown sand; but will grow in almost any soil. ROBINIA {Linne). Locust Tree. Robinia pseudacacia {Linne). "False Acacia," " Cobbett's Locust Tree." Upper Canada to Arkansas. —Height, 60ft. to 80ft. An elegant tree. Wood hard, heavy, dense, extremely durable, and of great strength; highly valued for trenails, as it becomes harder with age; excellent for fencing, and may be considered second to the puriri for this purpose; makes the best axle-beds; used for various purposes connected with shipbuilding, also for turnery, &c. Will grow in almost any kind of soil, but prefers rich, moist lands. May be planted on blown sand. CARMICRZELIA (R. Brown). Carmichaflia australis (Brown). "New Zealand Broom." North Island, general; rare and local in the South.—A shrub sft. to 10ft. high; of great value for planting onthe margins of woods and plantations as it arrests the spread of fires. SOPHORA {Linne). Sophora Japonica {Linne). China, Japan.-—Height, 50ft. to 60ft. A small, but elegant and showy tree. Wood extremely dense, compact, and durable; valued for ornamental turnery, furniture, &c., and would probably prove available for small marine piles. The flowers and seeds yield a fine yellow dye. S. tetraptera {Alton). " Kowai." New Zealand, North Cape to Southland.—A variable plant, sometimes reduced to a mere prostrate shrub, but more frequently forming a small tree 30ft. to 40ffc. high, with a trunk from Ift. to 3ft. in diameter. Timber firm, compact, durable, and ornamental; used for wharf-or jetty-piles, spokes, and furniture. This handsome tree is readily amenable to cultivation, and, if pruned during its early stages, would develop good straight stems with but little trouble.