E.—la.

Magnetism and Electricity .—For Civil Service Senior. Time allowed : Three hours. 1. Explain carefully how the method of oscillations may be employed for determining the intensity of the earth's magnetism as compared with that of a bar magnet at the same place. 2. Point out clearly the difficulties which are met with in attempting to make an accurate dip measurement. How are the difficulties overcome in practice? 3. Give an account of Faraday's ice-pail experiment, and indicate to what conclusions it leads. 4. Describe the construction of a tangent galvanometer. How would you calibrate the instrument so that its readings might indicate amperes directly ? 5. What do you understand by electromotive force ? Distinguish between the total and the available E.M.F. of a battery. The terminals of a battery of E.M.F. 4 volts and resistance 3 ohms are joined by a wire of resistance 9 ohms : by how much is their difference of potential altered ? 6. Explain the construction and use of Wheatstone's bridge. How would you test the accuracy of the instrument ? 7. What apparent resemblances and what differences are there between an electric current and a current of water ? 8. State Joule's law. How would you attempt to prove the law experimentally ?

Chemistry. — For Class D, and for Civil Service Junior. Time allowed : Three hours. 1. How would you prepare a sample of pure dry nitrogen? Sketch the apparatus you would employ. How would you prove that nitrogen and hydrogen are both constituents of nitric acid? 2. In what respects do metals as a class differ from non-metals? 3. Give an account of the properties of chlorine and of hydrochloric acid, and explain how the percentage of chlorine in hydrochloric acid can be determined experimentally. 4. Point out clearly the difference between an oxidizing and a reducing agent. Show by typical reactions to which class each of the substances carbon, sulphur dioxide, chlorine, nitric acid, and litharge is to be referred. 5. What weight of sulphur is contained in one litre of sulphur dioxide (measured at normal temperature and pressure), and what weight of sulphuric acid can be prepared from it? 6. Explain the terms —element, compound, acid, base, acid salt, and basic salt. 7. What do you know of the oxides of copper, lead, mercury, and zinc? How would you prepare each of these metals from its oxide ?

Chemistry .—For Civil Service Senior. Time allowed : Three hours. 1. State the laws of Boyle and Charles, and point out to what extent these laws are to be regarded as rigidly true. 2. Explain what is meant by an atom and by a molecule. How would you ascertain experimentally the molecular weight of steam ? 3. What is the commercial source of ammonia ? Describe the properties of the compound. How can the composition of ammonia be determined ? 4. How would you prepare pure samples of sulphuric and of phosphoric acid ? Contrast the properties of these substances. 5. Calculate the volume of air required to burn completely 100 cubic feet of ethylene. What volume would the products of combustion occupy ? (The pressure and temperature are supposed to remain constant during the experiment.) 6. Show by a comparison of their common salts that the derivatives of ammonium in many respects resemble the potassium salts more closely than the sodium salts do. 7. Give a short account of the chemistry of lead and of silver. 8. Describe a process whereby the percentage of carbon dioxide in a sample of air may be ascertained.

Elementary Science. — For Class E. Time allowed: Three hours. 1. What do you understand by the term liquid air? State in general terms the method by which it may be obtained. 2. What are the laws of the diffusion of gases ? Illustrate your answer by special reference to the diffusion of gases in respiration. 3. What simple experiments could you show to a class to demonstrate the pressure of the air? 4. How is sound transmitted ? What is its velocity ? Show how this may be ascertained. 5. Explain how a solar spectrum may be obtained. What are ultra-violet rays? How do they differ in their properties from visible rays ? 6. How are ocean currents caused ? Give illustrations to show the effect they have on climate. 7. Explain how a telegraphic message is transmitted from one place to another. What do you know of wireless telegraphy ? 8. Give the chief properties of phosphorus, and explain how matches are made. How was fire obtained before the invention of matches ? 9. Compare the three acids, sulphuric, nitric, and hydrochloric. 10. What is the normal temperature of the human body ? How is this temperature maintained and regulated ?

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