E.—ls

8

one of its members to preside over the Committee of Control. The school is open from the second or third week in August until the end of June. Pupils are admitted at fourteen or a later age. Courses last for four or five years, and train the pupils for the following industries : — (1.) Decorative sculpture in building ; (2.) Moulding and retouching of plaster-work ; (3.) Sculpture in stone and marble ; (4.) Wood-carving ; (5.) Artistic working in gold and silver ; (6.) Artistic working in bronze ; (7.) Artistic forge-work in iron ; (8.) Decorative painting,?andfpainting on china and pottery ; (9.) Painting on enamel. Pupils who have completed a course are entitled to the diploma of the school—Diplome de l'Ecole dcs Arts Industriels (first-class) —or to a Certificat de Capacite (second-class). (vii.) Kcole dcs Beaux Arts, or School of Fine Art. (viii.) The Normal Schools, or Training Colleges for Teachers, may be counted either with the vocational schools or with the secondary or higher institutions. This work is performed for men in Geneva by the Pedagogic Section of the College or Gymnasium, and for girls by a corresponding section of the Ecole Supeiieure. The diplomas of these departments give the right to teach in the primary schools. But there is an increasing tendency throughout Switzerland, and especially in Geneva and some other cantons, to give all teachers the benefit of University training. 111. Middle Schools (Mittelschulen). There are two schools in Geneva that come under the heading of " Middle Schools " —one for boys, the College de Geneve with 547 pupils, and one for girls, the Kcole Superieure with 938 pupils. Each of these schools has a seven-year course, and is intended for pupils from twelve to nineteen years of age. The fees are very low, being 40 francs (325.) a year for the lower division, or first three years, and 50 to 60 francs (40s. to 485.) for the upper division, or last four years, and there are many bursaries or free places, the tendency being to increase the number of bursaries and make the secondary education, like the primary, free. Even for foreigners the fees are very low. The College has great historic interest, having been founded by Calvin in 1558, five years after the Academy, out of which was developed the present University of Geneva. It has a lower division, of three years or classes, which are again subdivided according to the attainments of the pupils. The subjects of instruction are : French, 6 hours a week ; Latin, 6 ; German, 4 ; History, 2 ; Geography, 2 ; Mathematics, 4 ; Natural History, 2 ; Drawing, 2; Music, 1; Gymnastics, 2. In the third year Natural History is replaced by Elementary Physics and Chemistry. The total number of hours per week in the lower school is therefore 31. The upper school is divided into four sections :— (1.) The Classical Section, in which Latin and Greek are compulsory — 12 to 14 hours a week; likewise, French (the mother-tongue), German, History, Geography (replaced in the last two years by " Cosmography "), Mathematics, Drawing, Gymnastics, " Diction " (Public Speaking), Natural and Physical Science, and, in the last two years, Philosophy — i.e., Elementary Logic and Psychology; while English, Italian, Commercial Arithmetic and Book-keeping, and Law are optional. Compulsory subjects alone occupy 33 hours a week. (2.) The Real Section, in which Greek disappears, the time devoted to Latin is reduced, that given to French and German is increased, English becomes compulsory, Italian remains optional, the amount of Geography is increased, the amount of History is reduced, and the amount of Science is doubled. Laboratory work in Chemistry and Physics, which is optional in the Classical Section, is compulsory in the last year of the Real Section. (3.) The Technical Section, in which neither Latin nor Greek is taken. The time devoted to German and English is the same as in the Real Section, that devoted to French one hour a week less. The amount of Mathematics and Science is still further increased, and the amount of Drawing is more than doubled, while Descriptive Geometry is added. (4.) The Pedagogic Section. Here Latin and Greek are not required, and English and Italian are optional. The amount of time devoted to French and German (the mother-tongues of Switzerland) is much larger than in any of the other sections. The amount required in the other subjects is about the same as that required in the Real Section, but with more laboratory work in Science. Hygiene, Commercial Arithmetic and Book-