E.—ls.

9

keeping, and Pedagogy—viz., Psychology and the History and Methods of Education—are added subjects. In the last year one hour a week is spent in teaching-practice in the associated Primary Schools. gqj All modern languages are taught on the direct method. Geometry is taught by the method of experiment and observation. Great attention is given to General History (as well as to National History) and to Economic Geography. The reading in Latin is wide, and great attention is given to Roman Institutions and Literature. Similar work is being done in the Greek classes. Mathematics includes not only arithmetic, plane geometry, algebra to binomial theorem (positive integral exponent), and trigonometry to the solution of triangles, but also solid geometry, elementary plane analytical geometry, and conic sections. Graphics are largely employed. Physics includes general notions and principles of the several parts of the subject and practical developments of electricity. Most of the experiments are, however, only demonstrated. Individual laboratory-work in physics and chemistry is done only in the last year of the Real, Technical, and Pedagogic Sections. Natural Science is taught by means of lectures and good demonstrations. The only laboratory-work done in the subject is done in the Pedagogic Section (two hours a week during the second term of the highest class, Class IV). " Cosmography " (taken in the last two years of all divisions) is the name given to the portion of physiography dealing with the earth and its movements, treated more fully than in the course of elementary mathematical geography, universal direction, fixed stars, sun, moon, planets, comets, meteors, nebu'as. Philosophy includes elementary psychology ; formal and applied logic ; method of the exact sciences ; method of physical and natural sciences; method of moral science ; errors and fallacies ; logical exercises ; reading and explanation of Descartes (Discours sur la Methode), Malebranche (De la Recherche de la Verite, Book II), D'Alembert (Discours Preliminaire de PEncyclopedie). Law includes elementary notions of the law relating to individuals and the family, the Federal " Code of Duties." " Diction," the theory and practice of speaking and writing, with impromptu exercises, is a feature of the work in all the senior classes. It occupies one hour a week, and may be considered as the finishing touch to the work in oral composition that is looked upon as so important a part of the teaching of the mother-tongue. Entrance to the University is given from the Classical or Real Sections of the school, and to the Federal Polytechnikum at Zurich from the Technical Section. The Girls' High School has two divisions, like the College. The upper division has only three sections—viz., the Literary Section, the Pedagogic Section, and the Commercial Section. In this school Latin and Greek are not compulsory subjects. A large part of the time thus gained is devoted to more modern subjects, even girls in the Literary Section being required to learn Book-keeping, Law, Needlework, Hygiene, Domestic Economy, &c. Stenography, Latin, Italian, the General History of Civilisation, and the History of Art are optional subjects in the Literary and Pedagogic Sections; but in the Commercial Section Stenography and Typewriting are compulsory, while Commercial Arithmetic, Book-keeping, and Business Methods occupy seven hours a week in each of the three years. Girls who wish to enter the University must take special courses in separate classes from special instructors. IV. —The University of Geneva. This sketch of education in the Canton of Geneva would not be complete without some notice of the University. The Academy founded by Calvin in 1553 was transformed into a University in 1872, and was completed by the formation of the Faculty of Medicine in 1876. The buildings, lecture-rooms, laboratories, and general equipments are of the first order. There are 141 professors and privat-docents. Women are admitted in all faculties on the same conditions as the men. There are a large number of scholarships, bursaries, and prizes. The funds are administered by a Committee of five professors with the Rector of the University as president. There are courses for teaching French to foreigners. The ordinary fees are—For Matriculation, 20 francs ; for courses, 5 francs per semester for each hour per week of instruction. The University has the following divisions: — ...

2—E. 15.