W. M. SINGLETON.]

5

1.—13.

Keep of bull— £ s. d. £ s d. Interest, depreciation, and feed, £10 10s. For 30-cow herd, per tow . . .. 0 7 0 Buildings— Depreciation and maintenance on buildings valued at £500, at 5 per cent. 25 0 0 Insurance on same.. .. .. .. .. .. .. I 10 0 For 30-cow herd .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 26 10 0 Per cow .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 0 17 8 Sundry items— Wire staples, nails, cow-covers, leg-ropes ; upkeep windmills, pumps, tanks, &c—say .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 0 9 2 £15 5 0 Less revenue —say — 50 per cent, calves reared, at £1 lis. 3d. .. .. .. Per cow 015 9 One pig to four cows—pig at £2 14s. . . . . .. ~ 013 6 Value of house £350 :at 8 per cent. = £28 .. .. .. „ 018 8 Value of farm produce used in house .. .. .. 010 0 2 17 10 Net cost of keeping a cow . . .. .. .. . . . . £12 7 2 If herd averages 160 lb. fat per cow, cost producing 1 lb. fat =18-sd. 1801b. „ „ 16-sd. 2001b. „ „ 14-Bd. 2201b. „ „ 13-sd. Average price paid by butter-factories per 1 lb. fat = 13-56 d. The Chicago Milk Commissioner of 1917 concluded that the dairy-farmer was entitled to a 10-per-cent, profit on the cost of production as a recompense for his business venture. Estimate Approximate Cost of keeping a Dairy Cow in 1919-20 Season to a Dairy-farmer purchasing Land within Two Years. Per Cow. Feed— £ s . d. £ s. d. Grass or other feed from £150 worth of land —interest at 6 per cent. .. 9 0 0 Rates and taxes (per cow) .. . . .. . . .. ..100 Topdrossing and regrassing .. .. .. .. .. 018 0 Hay, roots, and green crops .. .. . . .. .. I 7 4 12 5 4 Labour — Per annum per cow —say, 150 hours at Is. per hour . . .. .. .. 7 10 0 Herd upkeep— Interest on cow worth £20 .. .. .. .. . . ..140 Losses by death and disease, at 10 per cent. .. .. .. ..200 3 4 0 Milk-delivery — Interest on money invested in horses, wagon, harness, cans, &c. ; depreciation and renewals on wagon, harness, cans, &c. —for 30 cows, £19. Per cow .. .. .. . . .. .. .. .. 012 8 BullInterest, depreciation, and feed (say) £10 10s. For 30 cows, per cow .. .. 0 7 0 Buildings— Depreciation and maintenance on buildings valued at £750, at 5 per cent... 37 10 0 Insurance on same .. .. .. .. .. .. 2 10 0 For 30 cows .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 40 0 0 Per cow .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 168 Sundries— Horse-shooing, leg-ropes, repairs, pumps, &0., wire staples, nails, &c. .. 14 4 £26 10 0 Less revenue —-say — 50 per cent, of calves reared, at £3 3s. 6d. .. .. .. Per cow 111 9 33J per cent, of calves skinned, at 6s. .. . . .. ~ 0 2 0 Say, one pig to four cows—pig at £5 Bs. .. .. .. ~ 17 0 Value of house £500 :at 8 per cent. = £40 .. .. .. „ 16 8 Value of farm produce used in house = £30 .. .. .. ..100 5 7 5 Net cost .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. £21 2 7 If herd averages 1601b. butterfat per cow, cost producing 1 lb. fat = 31-7 d. 1801b. „ „ 28-2(1. 2001b. „ „ 25-3 d. Average price paid by butter-factories per 1 lb. fat = 19-4 d.