H.—35

This classification shows that more than a quarter of our occupied population is engaged in primary production, a little over a fifth in industrial production, and just over half in other pursuits which are not directly productive. The primary industries are a homogeneous group easily recognized, and consisting mainly of farming of all kinds, timber, and mining. But the industrial group is decidely heterogeneous and includes all the minor industries of the Dominion, road and railway maintenance workers, refuse-collectors, undertakers, and all the miscellaneous repair industries, such as the village blacksmiths, plumbers, carpenters, painters, &c. 3. The Classification of Industries. The census classification of occupations is the best available for a composite presentation of the distribution of our population throughout the various types of employment, but for an analysis of the nature of our industrial production it is better to refer to the official classification of factory production. A factory is here defined as an " establishment engaged in manufacture, repair, or preparation of articles for trade or export which employs at least two hands or uses motive power." Hence repair shops as well as factories are included, as long as two employees are engaged or motive power is used, and a large number of very small businesses supplying purely local needs come within the classification. The following is the official classification of these industries :—

Factory Production, 1923-24.

The fortunes of these industries are greatly influenced by the conditions governing the marketing of their output. But the market conditions under which they sell their products differ greatly, and the differences, which are not apparent in the above official classification, are of great practical importance at the present time. It is well, therefore, to regroup these industries in a way that will reveal these significant differences in market conditions. This rearrangement has been attempted in the table given below. Group I contains industries manufacturing primary produce mainly for export, but partly for the local market. Group II includes industries producing mainly, and as a rule wholly, for the local market, but subject in very small degree to the competition of imports. Group 111 comprises industries producing usually for the-local market only, but subject in considerable degree to the competition of imports.

Secondary Industrial Groups.

154

„ Gr T Value of p^ e ct 0 ( f A dIed Value of Plant, Number ol Class o. Product. (in^n8) . (in MMons). Establishments. £ £ £ Animal food .. .. 33-1 6-8 8-5 538 Vegetable food .. .. 6-4 1-7 1-9 130 Drinks, &c. .. .. 1*9 M 1-2 211 Other animal matter .. 1-1 0-5 0-4 06 Wood products ] .. .. 5-9 4-3 3-3 625 Heat, light, and power .. 4*6 2-2 15-8 146 Stone, clay, and glass .. 1*9 1*5 1*4 166 Non-precious metals .. 3-1 1*9 1-9 375 Publications .. .. 3-6 2-7 2-5 292 Vehicles .. .. .. 1-9 1-2 2-2 738 Leather ware and saddlery .. 3-0 0-8 0-6 161 Furniture.. .. .. 1*4 0-7 0-9 294 Chemicals, &c. .. .. 1*0 0-4 0-5 60 Textiles .. .. .. 1*5 0-7 0-8 16 Apparel .. .. .. 3-9 1-8 , 1-6 311 Other classes . . .. 2-7 1-7 2-0 342 Total .. 77-0 30-0 45-5 4,471

Gross Value of V p^™? 6t -vr . . PWhirf PrnHnot Product Number of Pl0duct * (i ;2j n C i (Added Value), Establishments. (m Millions). (in MiUions)t Group I— £ £ Animal food .. .. 33-1 6-8 538 Other animal matter .. .. 1-1 0-5 66 Totals .. .. .. 34-2 7-3 604 Group II— Drinks, &c. .. •• •• 1*9 1*1 211 Heat, light, and power . , .. 4-6 2-2 146 Stone, clay, and glass .. .. 1*9 1*5 166 Publications .. .. .. 3-6 2-7 292 Vehicles .. .. .. 1*9 1-2 738 Furniture .. .. .. 1-4 0-7 294 Chemicals .. .. .. 1*0 0-4 60 Totals .. .. .. 16-3 9-8 1,907 Group III— Vegetable food .. . . .. 6-4 1-7 130 Wood products .. .. .. 5-9 4-3 625 Non-precious metals .. .. 3-1 1*9 375 Leatherware and saddlery.. .. 3-0 0-8 161 Textiles .. .. .. 1-5 0-7 16 Apparel .. .. . • 3-9 1-8 311 Other classes .. .. .. 2-7 1-7 342 Totals .. .. .. 26-5 12-9 1,960 Grand totals .. .. 77-0 30-0 4,471