A.—7

24. Persons undertaking training should be paid, where necessary, remuneration or allowances which provide an inducement to undergo and continue training and are sufficient to maintain a reasonable standard of life. 25. Men and women whose higher training and education has been prevented or interrupted by war service, whether in a military or civilian capacity, or by enemy action, or by resistance to the enemy or enemy dominated authorities, should be enabled to enter upon or resume and complete their training and education, subject to continued proof of merit and promise, and should be paid allowances during their training and education. 26. (1) Qualified vocational teachers and instructors who have been engaged in other work during the war should be encouraged to resume their previous occupation at the earliest possible moment. (2) Refresher courses should be organized in case of need— (а) For vocational instructors returning to their work after a lengthy absence ; and (б) For teaching new methods and techniques. (3) Additional vocational teachers and instructors should be trained in the numbers required to meet the needs of the training and retraining programme. (4) Members should co-operate, where necessary, in reconstituting and expanding vocational training and retraining, by such methods as — (a) The provision in one country of training as instructors for persons from another country to enable them to acquire broader skill or training not available in their own country ; (b) The loan of experienced vocational instructors and teachers from one country to help meet shortages of vocational training staff or new industrial needs in another country ; (c) Facilitating the return to the territories of member countries of subjects thereof living in the territory of another member country who are qualified for teaching and instructing in their home country; and (d) The provision of training handbooks and other equipment to assist instructors and persons in training. 27. Training and retraining services should be co-ordinated on a national, regional and local basis, and should be closely associated at all levels of operation with guidance work, with the placement work of the employment service, and with the training activities of employers 'and workers' organizations. VII. Geographical Mobility 28. With a view to facilitating the necessary mobility of labour, the employment service should take action to overcome the obstacles to transfers from one area to another and to assist the movement of workers to areas needing labour, thereby helping to bring together available skills and available employment opportunities and thus preventing unemployment. 29. (1) Where a worker is transferred from one area to another on the initiative or with the consent of the employment service, arrangements should be made to grant travelling expenses and to assist the worker to meet initial expenses in the new place of work by granting or advancing him a specified amount, fixed according to the circumstances. 2. Where a temporary transfer made through the employment service involves the separation of the head of the household from his family, arrangements should be made to grant an appropriate separation allowance to cover the added costs of maintaining double living quarters. VIII. Employment op Young Workers 30. (1) The policy of revising upward the school-leaving age and the age for admission to employment should be considered by all. countries as a primary factor in planning employment policy for the transition period. (2) Maintenance allowances should be granted to parents by the competent authorities during the additional period of compulsory education referred to above. 31. Student-aid programmes should be developed to enable young persons above the school-leaving age to continue their education in secondary schools or high schools, and for those beyond the secondary school level, subject to continued proof of merit, in technical or higher education schools or courses on a full-time basis. 32. (1) Vocational guidance services adapted to their needs should be available for all young persons, both prior to and at the time of leaving school, through the school or the employment service. (2) Free pre-employment medical examination should be provided for all young persons. The results of this examination should be incorporated in a certificate to serve as a basis for periodical re-examinations during a period to be prescribed by national laws or regulations. (3) In countries in which war conditions and enemy occupation have undermined the health of young persons, particular attention should be given to the health supervision of such persons from the time of their admission to employment through the period of adjustment to working life, and, where necessary, measures of physical rehabilitation should be adopted. (4) Members should co-operate, when requested, in providing for the training of medical and nursing staff, and the loan of experienced doctors, surgeons, nursing personnel and appropriate equipment, in order to facilitate the physical rehabilitation of the young persons referred to in subparagraph (3) above. 33. (1) Young persons whose contracts of apprenticeship have been interrupted owing to the war should be entitled to resume apprenticeship on the termination of their war service. (2) State aid should be made available to enable a person whose apprenticeship has been resumed in accordance with subparagraph (1) above to be assured of an income which is reasonable, having regard to his age and to the remuneration he would have been receiving had his apprenticeship not been interrupted.

54