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PART V. REPARATION AND RESTITUTION ARTICLE 23 1. Losses caused to the Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia by military operations and by the occupation by Hungary of the territories of these States shall be made good by Hungary to the Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia, but, taking into consideration that Hungary has not only withdrawn from the war against the United Nations, but has also declared war on Germany, the Parties agree that compensation for the above losses will be made by Hungary not in full but only in part, namely in the amount of $300,000,000 payable over eight years from January 20, 1945, in commodities (machine equipment, river craft, grain and other commodities), the sum to be paid to the Soviet Union to amount to $200,000,000, and the sum to be paid to Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia to amount to $100,000,000. 2. The basis of calculation for the settlement provided in this Article shall be the United States dollar at its gold parity on the day of the signing of the Armistice Agreement, i.e., $35 for one ounce of gold. ARTICLE 24 1. Hungary accepts the principles of the United Nations Declaration of January 5, 1943 ( 2 ), and shall return, in the shortest possible time, property removed from the territory of any of the United Nations. 2. The- obligation to make restitution applies to all identifiable property at present in Hungary which was removed by force or duress by any of the Axis Powers from the territory of any of the United Nations, irrespective of any subsequent transactions by which the present holder of any such property has secured possession. 3. If, in particular cases, it is impossible for Hungary to make restitution of objects of artistic, historic or archaeological value, belonging to the cultural heritage of the United Nation from whose territory such objects were removed by force or duress by Hungarian forces, authorities or nationals, Hungary shall transfer to the United Nation concerned objects of the same kind as, and of approximately equivalent value to, the objects removed, in so far as such objects are obtainable in Hungary. 4. The Hungarian Government shall return the property referred to in this Article in good order and, in this connection, shall bear all costs in Hungary relating to labour, materials and transport. 5. The Hungarian Government shall co-operate with the United Nations in, and shall provide at its own expense all necessary facilities for, the search for and restitution of property liable to restitution under this Article. 6. The Hungarian Government shall take the necessary measures to effect the return of property covered by this Article held in any third country by persons subject to Hungarian jurisdiction. 7. Claims for the restitution of property shall be presented to the Hungarian Government by the Government of the country from whose territory the property was removed, it being understood that rolling stock shall be regarded as having been removed from the territory to which it originally belonged. The period during which such claims may be presented shall be six months from the coming into force of the present Treaty. 8. The burden of identifying the property and of proving ownership shall rest on the claimant Government, and the burden of proving that the property was not removed by force or duress shall rest on the Hungarian Government

( 2 ) "Miscellaneous No. i (1943) " Cmd. 6418.

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