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5. The property covered by paragraph i of this Article shall be deemed to include Hungarian property which has been subject to control by reason of a state of war existing between Hungary and the Allied or Associated Power having jurisdiction over the property, but shall not include: {a) Property of the Hungarian Government used for consular or diplomatic purposes; - (&) Property belonging to religious bodies or private charitable institutions and used for religious or charitable purposes; (c) Property of natural persons who are Hungarian nationals permitted to reside within the territory of the country in which the property is located or to reside elsewhere in United Nations territory, other than Hungarian property which at any time during the war was subjected to measures not generally applicable to the property of Hungarian nationals resident in the same territory; (d) Property rights arising since the resumption of trade and financial relations between the Allied and Associated Powers and Hungary, or arising out of transactions between the Government of any Allied or Associated Power and Hungary since January 20, 1945; (e) Literary and artistic property rights. article 30 1. From the coming into force.of the Present Treaty, property in Germany of Hungary and of Hungarian nationals shall no longer be treated as enemy property and all restrictions based on such treatment shall be removed. 2. Identifiable property of Hungary and of Hungarian nationals removed by force or duress from Hungarian territory to Germany by German forces or authorities after January 20, 1945, shall be eligible for restitution. 3.The restoration and restitution of Hungarian property in Germany shall be effected in accordance with measures which will be determined by the Powers in occupation of Germany. 4. Without prejudice to these and to any other dispositions in favour of Hungary and Hungarian nationals by the Powers occupying Germany, Hungary waives on its own behalf and on behalf of Hungarian nationals all claims against Germany and German nationals outstanding on May 8, 1945, except those arising out of contracts and other obligations entered into, and rights acquired, before September 1, 1939. This waiver shall be deemed to include debts, all inter-governmental claims in respect of arrangements entered into in the course of the war and all claims for loss or damage arising during the war. ARTICLE 31 1. The existence of the state of war shall not, in itself, be regarded as affecting the obligation to pay pecuniary debts arising out of obligations and contracts which existed, and rights which were acquired, before the existence of the state of war, which became payable prior to the coming into force of the present Treaty, and which are due by the Government or nationals of Hungary to the Government or nationals of one of the Allied and Associated Powers or are due by the Government or nationals of one of the Allied and Associated Powers to the Government or nationals of Hungary. 2. Except as otherwise expressly provided in the present Treaty, nothing therein shall be construed as impairing debtor-creditor relationships arising out of pre-war contracts concluded either bv the Government or-nationals ol Hungary. 57°37 G 3