A—7

(c) Construction, reconstruction, maintenance, repair, alteration, or demolition of any building, railway, harbour, dock, pier, canal, inland waterway, road, tunnel, bridge, viaduct, sewer, drain, well, telegraphic or telephonic installation, electrical undertaking, gaswork, waterwork, or other work of construction, as well as the preparation for or laying the foundations of any such work or structure. 2. The competent authority in each country shall define the line of division which separates industry from commerce and agriculture. Article 2 1. For the purpose of this Convention the term " night" signifies a period of at least eleven consecutive hours, including the interval between ten o'clock in the evening and five o'clock in the morning : 2. Provided that, where there are exceptional circumstances affecting the workers employed in & particular industry or area, the competent authority may, after consultation with the employers' and workers' organizations concerned, decide that in the case of women employed in that industry or area the interval between eleven o'clock in the evening and six o'clock in the morning may be substituted for the interval between ten o'clock in the evening and five o'clock m the morning. 3. In those countries where no Government regulation as yet applies to the employment of women in industrial undertakings during the night, the term "night" may provisionally, and for a maximum period of three years, be declared by the Government to signify a period of only ten hours, including the interval between ten o'clock in the evening and five o'clock in the morning. Article 3 Women without distinction of age shall not be employed during the night in any public or private industrial undertaking, or in any branch thereof, other than an undertaking in which only members of the same family are employed. Article 4 Article 3 shall not apply—(a) In cases of force majeure, when in any undertaking there occurs an interruption of work which it was impossible to foresee, and which is not of a recurring character : (b) In cases where the work has to do with raw materials or materials in course of treatment which are subject to rapid deterioration, when such night work is necessary to preserve the said materials from certain loss. Article 6 In industrial undertakings which are influenced by the seasons and in all cases where exceptional circumstances demand it, the night period may be reduced to ten hours on sixty days of the year. Article 7 In countries where the climate renders work by day particularly trying to the health, the night period may be shorter than prescribed in the above articles, provided that compensatory rest is accorded during the day. Article 8 This Convention does not apply to women holding responsible positions of management who are not ordinarily engaged in manual work. Underground Work (Women) Convention, 1935 Article 1 For the purpose of this Convention the term " mine " includes any undertaking, whether public or private, for the extraction of any substance from under the surface of the earth. Article 2 No female, whatever her age, shall be employed on underground work in any mine. Article 3 National laws or regulations may exempt from the above prohibition—(a) Females holding positions of management who do not perform manual work; (b) Females employed in health-welfare services ; (c) Females who, in the course of their studies,, spend a period of training in the underground parts of a mine ; and (d) Any other females who occasionally have to enter the underground parts of a mine for the purpose of a non-manual occupation.

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