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Recommends that FAO give expert advice wherever necessary to promote intelligent utilization of fertilizers and the most efficient use of the limited supplies available and to prevent wastages resulting from inexpert or unbalanced application of fertilizer. (This might involve sending technicians, capable of determining manifest deficiencies by examining soils and crops, to those countries where studies on the utilization of fertilizers in relation to soil quality have not yet been undertaken, and aiding nations to take appropriate steps in order that general farming practices may take full advantage of available scientific knowledge on the subject.) Recommends that FAO should examine means by which it may assist member nations to make appropriate advance arrangements for transport of their allotted fertilizer requirements to ensure delivery in time to meet their needs. Urges member nations to examine their own systems for the transport and distribution of fertilizer to ensure that the supplies available are delivered to farmers early enough to be applied at the proper time, and, as far as possible, for the production of essential food crops. (2) Long-term Measures Notes that in certain countries production of nitrogenous fertilizers could be expanded by fully utilizing suitable war plants for the production of fertilizer, and that over a considerably longer period, new synthetic nitrogen and phosphate treating plants could be built in many countries and are particularly needed in underdeveloped countries. With a view to seeing that prompt and full exploration is made of all these possibilities for substantial increases in capacity and output. Recommends that FAO collect as rapidly as possible the most complete and precise information available concerning the different groups of fertilizers, especially as regards (a) The production capacity in each country (i) as the plants stand to-day, and (ii) with necessary repairs, and (b) The minimum annual requirements of individual countries over the period of the next five years on a sufficiently firm basis as to be of use to manufacturers in planning their production. Further recommends that the Council of FAO examine the problem of increasing fertilizer production, consult with the agencies already at work in this field or concerned with any aspect of this problem, and consider what further action is necessary to achieve prompt results. (/) Agricultural Machinery The Conference— Recommends (1) That governments of member nations should make a special effort to urge their machinery producers to expand the production of spare parts, and to direct a sufficient proportion of these spare parts to the countries where there is the greatest need for them to keep their present farm equipment in operation;