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which have been issued outside the statutory Air Navigation Regulations, and which have not generally been submitted to legal scrutiny, contain many far-reaching provisions. Not only is examination by the competent law officers of Government necessary to ensure their validity, but closer scrutiny by the Air Department and other departments of Government which may be involved should be given to ensure that their over-all effect is that which is desired by Government. The degree of regulation which is embodied in regulations needs to be balanced against the administrative staff and other machinery which is required for the implementation or supervision of the regulation. A regulatory system may either commit Government to large increases of staff or involve the waiving of the regulations because of the impracticability of complying with them. Regulations appropriate to national operator 114. In particular, it appears necessary to consider the effect of Government's nationalisation policy on the need for particular regulation and supervision by a Government department. What may be suitable and necessary for the protection of the public in operations by commercial enterprise may be unnecessary in a nationalised service where there is virtually only one operator. Certain provisions of law, such as those relating to the licensing of personnel and the certification and supervision of airworthiness, are undoubtedly appropriate to all operations, whether conducted by Government or private enterprise, and it is appropriate that they should be the responsibility of the Civil Aviation Directorate. Beyond a certain point, however, the supervision by the Civil Aviation Directorate becomes supervision of the management and the detailed organisation of the operator, which is the business of management. Since the Corporation has been established by Government and is responsible to Government for the proper conduct of the operations entrusted to it, it is both inefficient and uneconomic to establish a department of Government to supervise them in detail. The effect of proposed regulations should be scrutinised from these points of view before they are promulgated. Application of regulations to Government personnel and aircraft 115. We have seen proposals for regulations which would establish a licensing system for technical personnel employed by Government and which would extend some of the regulations to Air Force aircraft and personnel. We think it advisable to draw attention to the embarrassments which would ensue from such action. Statutory regulations are enforceable in a Court of law, and action of this kind could not well be taken by Government against its own employees in respect of their official duties or against Air Force personnel in respect of their duty in flying military aircraft. For example, Air Traffic