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not so far been found practicable in respect of the age of admission to employment, •conditions of work, or provisions for apprenticeship, and because of the limited development of free, compulsory, and universal education. 2. The international Labour Conference at its twenty-seventh session, 1945, passed a resolution on the protection of children and young workers which affirmed that— In order to develop to the fullest extent the capacities of the workers and citizens of the future it is necessary that Governments, whilst encouraging the fullest discharge of individual and family ■obligations, should accept responsibility for assuring the health, welfare, and education of all children and young persons. 3. The Conference, therefore, requests the Governing Body to call the attention ■of the Governments represented at the Conference to the following measures for improving the protection of children and young workers, which, together with the proposals to be submitted to the Conference by the Committee on Programme of Action, merit consideration with a view to the progressive adoption of such measures at the earliest opportunity compatible with existing social and economic conditions, and further requests the Governing Body to consider, in consultation where appropriate with any other international organization which may be concerned, what further measures can be taken to implement these standards in the Asian countries. A. General Education and Vocational Guidance 4. Compulsory free education should be continuously expanded as a condition of equal vocational opportunity for all children and young persons ; it should be of a standard and duration to permit adequate physical, intellectual, and moral development covering the years up to the general minimum age for admission to employment as provided by national laws and regulations, with additional provisions for young persons to continue education in accordance with their abilities to benefit thereby. The age should be progressively raised towards the international standard as social and economic conditions permit. 5. Provision should be made for expanding progressively the available educational facilities, in accordance with an integrated plan until general fundamental or basic education shall become accessible to all children of both sexes, and instruction should be designed to meet the actual needs of children and young persons through educational programmes suited to their ages and aptitudes. 6. The vocational interests of children and young persons should be fostered and their eventual selection of employment or a career be guided with a view to promoting their general education and at the same time developing a taste and esteem for work. 7. The needs of pupils for economic assistance should be recognized as circumstances permit, particularly in respect of free use of text-books, materials, and school equipment; free or low-cost milk and meals ; free or reduced cost of transportation ; and maintenance allowances and student aid as these become practicable. 8. Qualified teaching personnel should be recruited and teacher-training developed to meet the needs of the expanding school system, and standards of remuneration and conditions of employment should be provided which will assure an adequate teaching staff of high quality. B. Vocational Training 9. A network of free technical and vocational schools should be developed and extended progressively with a view to meeting, in accordance with their urgency and practicability, the various needs of the national economy for technical and skilled employees and to providing increasing numbers of young persons with adequate opportunities for developing their technical or trade knowledge in accordance with their occupational interests and aptitudes.

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