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Article 30 Marketing Organizations If a Member establishes or maintains a marketing board, commission or similar organization, the Member shall be subject: (a) With respect to purchases or sales by any such organization, to the provisions of paragraph 1 of Article 29 : .(b) With respect to any regulations of any such organization governing the operations of private enterprises, to the other relevant provisions of this Charter. Article 31 Expansion of Trade 1. If a Member establishes, maintains or authorizes, formally or in effect, a monopoly of the importation or exportation of any product, the Member shall, upon the request of any other Member or Members having a substantial interest in trade with it in the product concerned, negotiate with such other Member or Members in the manner provided for under Article 17 in respect of tariffs, and subject to all the provisions of this Charter with respect to such tariff negotiations, with the object of achieving : (a) In the case of an export monopoly, arrangements designed to limit or reduce any protection that might be afforded through the operation of the monopoly to domestic users of the monopolized product, or designed to assure exports of the monopolized product in adequate quantities at reasonable prices ; (b) In the case of an import monopoly, arrangements designed to limit or reduce any protection that might be afforded through the operation of the monopoly to domestic producers of the monopolized product, or designed to relax any limitation on imports which is comparable with a limitation made subject to negotiation under other provisions of this Chapter. 2. In order to satisfy the requirements of paragraph 1 (J), the Member establishing, maintaining or authorizing a monopoly shall negotiate : (a) For the establishment of the maximum import duty that maybe applied in respect of the product concerned; or (b) For any other mutually satisfactory arrangement consistent with the provisions of this Charter, if it is evident to the negotiating parties that to negotiate a maximum import duty under subparagraph (a) of this paragraph is impracticable or would be ineffective for the achievement of the objectives of paragraph 1 ; any Member entering into negotiations under this subparagraph shall afford to other interested Members an opportunity for consultation.
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