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The motion was passed by 17 to 1, the dissentient being the Polish delegate. When the motion came before the full Conference there was a misunderstanding as to the meaning of a Polish amendment, and some heat was engendered. Finally, the motion was passed by 17 to 1, with the words " activities " changed to " surveys and possible experiments." The Czechoslovakian delegate voted against it, and the Polish delegates were not present for the vote. delations with Japan No difficulty was experienced in having a motion passed concerning relations with Japan—■ " That the Director-General be asked to consult with the appropriate Allied Authorities in order to collect information regarding Japanese education, its trends and tendencies, and to ascertain the ways in which the objectives of UNESCO may be promoted in and in relation to Japan, and be empowered to incur reasonable expenditure within the approved budget for 1948 in respect of such activities as may be approved by the Executive Board, always provided that the activities are undertaken in agreement with the appropriate Allied Authorities." It is understood that certain Japanese writers, scientists, and educators have already formed a " UNESCO Co-operative Association " to create an understanding within Japan of the aims, ideals, and programme of UNESCO, and to prepare for the time when a Japanese National Commission for UNESCO may be possible. Trust Territories Reports were made to the Commission both by the DirectorGeneral and by a United Nations observer of the arrangements made during 1947 for UNESCO to advise the United Nations on educational, scientific, and cultural problems arising in trust territories and non-self-governing territories. The Director-General was instructed to pay special attention during 1948 to this aspect of UNESCO's work. National Commissions and Co-operating Bodies Article VII of the UNESCO Constitution makes provision for the setting up in member States of National Commissions or National Co-operating Bodies. The Paris Conference adopted a resolution urging those member States which had not yet set up National Commissions or Co-operating Bodies to take the necessary action to establish them. Brazil, China, Denmark, France, Haiti, India, The Netherlands, Norway, Poland, and the United States of America have all set up National Commissions. The United Kingdom has created specialized Co-operating Bodies for all the main fields of UNESCO's activities, together with a " Central Committee for