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The United States, United Kingdom, and other delegations, in opposing this amendment, pointed out that they did not question the application of the declaration to all peoples, whether or not they belonged to trust or non-self-governing territories. They argued that the amendment was already covered by the last paragraph of the Preamble, and by Article 2 the former refers to the peoples of member States themselves and to the peoples of territories under their jurisdiction, while the latter entitles every one to all the rights and freedoms set forth in the declaration " without distinction of any kind." The Committee accepted the Yugoslav article by 16 votes (N.Z.) to 14 with 7 abstentions. The New Zealand delegate in explaining her vote said that despite the belief of her delegation that the sense of the new article was already covered by the text, it wished its attitude with regard to the application of the declaration to trust and non-self-governing territories to be placed beyond any possibility of doubt. The United Kingdom delegation presented an amendment to the Yugoslav article in the General Assembly, and this was accepted as paragraph 2of article 2by a vote of 29 to 17 with 10 abstentions. The New Zealand delegation supported the United Kingdom amendment because the new text, while still referring specifically to trust and non-self-governing territories, is more consistent with the general terminology of the Preamble and paragraph 1 of Article 2. Articles 20 and 24 Article 20 deals with the right to freedom of assembly and association. The New Zealand delegation opposed the second paragraph, which says that "No one may be compelled to belong to an association." The meaning of the word " compelled " was questioned, and it was pointed out that the circumstances under which individuals may exercise the right to freedom of association are varied. Reference was made to professional associations like law societies, which are responsible for the disciplinary control of their members, and to compulsory tradeunionism as it exists in New Zealand. Nevertheless, the second paragraph was adopted by 20 votes to 14 (N.Z.) with 9 abstentions. The issue of compulsory unionism arose again in connection with paragraph 4of Article 23. The text of this article, as adopted by the •Commission, read " Every one is free to form and to join trade-unions for the protection of his interests." The expression " every one is free " was used by the Commission instead of "every one has the right " in order to emphasize the element of choice. It was understood that the paragraph left individuals free not to join trade-unions. In order to meet the trade-union system as it exists in New Zealand, the New Zealand delegation moved in the Third Committee an amendment to the effect that " livery one has the right to the protection of his interests