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scientific equipment, 20 per cent, on educational equipment, and smaller proportions for literature, the preservation of works of art, See. Resolutions were approved—(a) For a policy of transferring UNESCO's energies from reconstruction in war-devastated areas to constructive developments in appropriate areas ; and (b) Requesting Governments to give priority in building to educational institutions. The New Zealand delegate opposed a resolution that States should raise funds for the rehabilitation of schools in war-devastated areas by the issue of a postage-stamp with a surcharge for UNESCO. He said that member States should decide their own methods of giving such assistance. The resolution was adopted after suitable modification to meet this point of view. It is proposed to extend the Book Coupon Scheme to cover educational and scientific films. This scheme assumes the availability of a " hard" currency backing, by which the issuing agency (UNESCO in the experimental period of one year) may sell book coupons against " softer" currencies, and redeem the coupons in hard" currency. Thirteen countries have now agreed to participate. The United States has no objection to the scheme. The first coupons were distributed at the Conference. A recommendation to member States was adopted that, where exchange restrictions exist, the proportion of foreign exchange allocated for the purchase of foreign books of an educational, scientific, and cultural character be maintained at the present level and, if possible, increased. UNESCO recommended that national delegates, if they are willing, should call on the Universities of their countries to accept, in various capacities, one or more refugee intellectuals who are unfitted to do physical work. Urgent action, in co-operation with United Nations and other specialized agencies, is to be taken during 1949 to assist refugees in the Middle East. Communication v (i) Free Flow of Information The Sub-Commission on Mass Communications held four meetings, and the discussions were always lively. One of the proposals made by the Executive Board was that the Director-General be instructed " to collect and analyse on a continuing basis, objective information on obstacles to the free flow of information. . . . " The New Zealand delegate questioned the need to obtain further knowledge