C—3a

(iii) Forest Economics. —-Mainly for research foresters and those undertaking social studies, leading to employment by the larger timber companies. (iv) Commerce and Marketing of Timber. —For those intending to be professionally engaged in the export timber trade. (Reference : Appendix (I), Extract from " Finnish Trade Review.") 118. (Ref. 139.) Table (5) records, in condensed form, the five syllabi, each of which leads to the degree of " bachelor of forestry " (metsanhoitaja). Although the variations from the general course are significant, it is to be noted that the basic forestry subjects are common to all. 119. Major subjects are recognized in each of the five courses and, in addition to the submission of a thesis therein, the standard required of students in these subjects may not be below the honours grading of " cum laude approbatur " (second class). Other honours classes recognized are " Laudatur" (first class) and " Approbatur " (third class). It is possible for a student to delay his choice of course until the end of the first year, provided that he takes all the first-year preliminary subjects required of his chosen course. 120. Students usually decide at an early stage which honours class they intend to aspire to in their major subjects, since the prescribed reading for " first class " is approximately three times that for " third class " honours. Great importance is attached to this system of honours grading in Finland, and as there is keen competition for appointments after graduation, those with the highest honours classes are naturally favoured both by the Forest Service and by private Employers. 121. Graduates may qualify for the degree of Master of Forestry after a furmer two years' study ; and Masters may qualify for a Doctorate upon submission of a major thesis. 122. The Forestry Education and, Research Building, which is situated in the centre of Helsinki, is probably the best-equipped institution of its kind in the world, and was an inspiring and worthy venue for the third World Forestry Congress. This four-story ferro-concrete building, which faces three sides of a square, is allocated as follows :—- One wing (one-third) is occupied by the Forest Research Institute. The central block and the second wing are mainly devoted to forestry education. Sub-ground Floor — Wood technology laboratory. Ground Floor—(i) Central hall; cloak-rooms ; administrative offices. (ii) Library—archives and reading-rooms were most impressive on account of both method and magnitude. Is reported to be the best forestry library in Europe. (iii) Forest Museum : Admirably displayed. (iv) No. 1 Lecture Room : Accommodates over two hundred and is equipped with loud-speaker system, cinema facilities, and shaded desk lights. The seating system is that of semi-circular tiers of fixed continuous desks, stepping down to an elevated lecturer's platform, behind which a blackboard system extends over the full breadth of the wall. First Floor — (i) Two general lecture-rooms. About half the size of No. 1 and level floor, otherwise similarly equipped. (ii) Faculty Board rooms and Dean's suite. (iii) Forest Utilization Department; wood collections and laboratory; draughting room; professors' and assistants' rooms; library an examination-room.

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