E.—l2.

GREAT BRITAIN.

Summary. (3.) Compulsory; (4.) Non-gratuitous, 1 but class-books free; (5.) Training colleges 3 — (a) voluntary, (b) managed by denominations, &c., (c) residential, (d) non-gratuitous, (e) receiving State subsidies, (/) subject to State inspection by special Inspectors, and {g) teaching science; (6.) State-supported or aided schools consisting of— 1. Voluntary 3 (about 76 per cent.) — (a) religious, (b) managed by private bodies and supported by private contributions, State subsidies, and fees, (c) denominational teaching allowed, but protection to a great extent of minorities in religious matters, and (d) subject to State inspection and regulation; 2. Board— (a) secular, (b) managed by elected Boards, (c) supported mainly by grants, fees, and rates, the Boards having powers to make by-laws (subject to approval by superior authorities) respecting undenominational religious teaching, 3 with protection to a great extent of minorities, periods of compulsory attendance between ages five and thirteen (subject to certificates of proficiency and temporary exemptions), remission of fees, and penalties for breach of by-laws, and also having powers (subject to approval) to borrow money to build, &c, school-houses, to claim or levy direct local rates for deficiency of income, to fix fees, and to regulate administration of system. (7.) School age 4 —no general definition; (8.) Fees and remissions, and free schools f (9.) Teachers 6 —(a) lay persons only, except in evening schools, (b) pupil-teacher system/ and (c) " payment by results " feature 8 (except in infant schools) ; (10.) Subjects of study—"obligatory" and "optional" ("class" and "specific") ; (11.) Injurious employment of children provided against; (12.) Infant schools — (a) distinct departments or classes, (b) provisions for specially training teachers, and separate teaching, (c) object teaching, (d) grants on average attendance only, (e) no home lessons, (/) no individual examination until at least six 3'ears of age; (13.) Evening elementary schools— (a) under jurisdiction of Boards, (b) "conscience: clause" applies, (c) low fees and prizes, (d) teachers need not be laymen, (e) grants dependent on numbers of meetings and individual proficiency; (14.) Half-time scholars; (15.) Inspectors—(a) appointed and controlled by department, (b) special Inspectors for training colleges, (e) important functions ; (16.) Pensions and gratuities for teachers, to a limited extent; (17.) Scholarships—no general system; (18.) Secondary and higher education—no systematic aid except to— (a) Scotland, (b) Wales to a certain extent, and (c) Science and Art Department; (19.) Technical instruction— (a) in elementary schools —"drawing and specific subjects," (b) Science and Art Department; (20.) School libraries—no grants ; (21.) Deaf-mute special training—no aid. (See special report herewith.)

Compulsory, and non gratuitous.

Training colleges.

Schools.

School age. Fees and free schools. Teachers.

Classification of " Jec. s augl ' against injurious ^Fdre™™* °£ infant schools.

Evening schools.

Half-time scholars. Inspectors.

Pensions, &c, for tcfliCiiers Scholarships. Secondary and higher education.

1 In addition to notes, p. 14, supra, read, as a recent contribution to the controversy, " Free Schools and their Price," P.M. Budget, 14 Oct., 1880, p. 7. Mr. Cumin's evidence, R.E.C, should be carefully studied; for instance, note answer 484 and seq., and Inspector Stewart, 2409. 2 In addition to previous references on p. 17, supra, see R.E.C, Inspector Sharpo, 4234 and seq., and 4503 ; Inspector Arnold, 5485 and seq., and 5527. s For detailed information respecting the difference in the religious instruction between a voluntary and a Board school note Mr. Cumin's evidence, R.E.C, especially 501 and seq., and 529 and seq. 1 Note espec Inspector Oakley's report, G.R., 1885-86, on the elementary schools of the North-west Division, and comments on it, "Journal of Ed.," 1 Oct., 1886, p. 408; and Mr. Cumin's evidence, R.E.C, 705 and seq. "To release a child, as we do, from school at

ten. or eleven, because he can pass the Fifth Standard, would bo thought in Germany absurd and most injurious, " &c. — Mr. Arnold's (May, 1880) report, p. 13. 5 See Mr. Cumin's evidence as above, espec. 570 and seq. 6 In addition to previous references on p. 17, supra, see " Teachers in the Highlands," Art. by Inspector Jolly, " Good Words," Oct., 1886, p. 685 and in continuation of extract from "Toynbee Journal," supra, p. 19, see P.M. Budget, 14 Oct., 1886, p. 26. ' But note especially Mr. M. Arnold's evidence, E.E.C., 5231 and seq., and Inspector Stewart, 2430 and seq., and 3068. 8 In addition to references already made on p. 18, supra, see " Payment for Results," Art. in Saturday Review, 25 Sept., 1886, and R.E.0., Inspector Stewart, 3344 and seq., Arnold, 5676 and seq., and 5753 and seq., and Sharpe, 0836.

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